NAVEEN vs. THE STATE OF HARYANA

Case Type: Criminal Appeal

Date of Judgment: 01-11-2022

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                                                         NON­REPORTABLE IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CRIMINAL APPEAL NO(s).            OF 2022 (Arising out of Special Leave Petition (Crl.) No.3746 of 2022) NAVEEN             ….APPELLANT(S) VERSUS STATE OF HARYANA & OTHERS        ….RESPONDENT(S) J U D G M E N T Rastogi, J.      1. Leave granted.  2. The instant appeal has been filed assailing correctness of th order dated 6   January, 2022 passed by the High Court of Signature Not Verified Punjab and Haryana at Chandigarh, setting aside order dated Digitally signed by DEEPAK SINGH Date: 2022.11.02 10:27:46 IST Reason: th 10  February, 2020 passed by the Additional Sessions Judge, 1 Bhiwani, Haryana, whereby the learned trial Judge rejected the application filed by the complainant under Section 319 CrPC   to   summon   the   appellant   (accused)   to   face   trial   in Sessions Case No.59 of 2018 with reference to FIR No.156 th dated 12   March, 2018 registered under Sections 307, 364, 366,   376   read   with   Section   34   IPC   at   Police   Station   City Bhiwani, Haryana.   3. Brief facts of the case culled out from the record are that th FIR No.156 dated 12  March, 2018 was registered for offence under Sections 307, 364, 366, 376 read with Section 34 IPC at Police   Station   City   Bhiwani   on   the   basis   of   the   written complaint filed by Kamlesh w/o Balwan, caste Jat, resident of New Bharat Nagar, Bhiwani, Haryana alleging therein that her daughter   aged   20   years   was   taking   coaching   of   SSC   from Evermount Coaching Centre, Old Bus Stand, Bhiwani and she th disclosed that on 10   March, 2018 at about 9.00 a.m., she went to the coaching centre, but did not return home up to 1.00 p.m.   Thereafter, she made enquiries from her friends and   acquaintances   but   could   not   find   her   whereabouts. 2 Later, she came to know that the victim girl was admitted in Sunflag Hospital, Rohtak.   When they reached the hospital at 9.00 p.m., they were told that the victim girl was in ICU Ward and two boys, Arjun and Naveen, sons of Balwan Jat, resident of Beri, District Jhajjar, had brought the victim girl to the hospital in unconscious state.   4. She further disclosed that her daughter has been enticed to Rohtak by Arjun, in a pre­planned manner, in collusion with his other friends where she was raped and an attempt was made to eliminate her by hanging.   When Arjun and his accomplices felt that the victim girl had died, they shifted her to the hospital in order to save their skin.   Accordingly, she prayed that legal action may be taken against the culprits. 5. After registration of the FIR, the investigation swung into motion and on receipt of the Ruqa regarding the death of the th victim girl on 13   March, 2018, Section 302 IPC was added and consequent upon verification, allegations against Arjun were found to be true, whereas remaining culprits, i.e. Naveen (brother of the appellant) and Mehar Singh(son of Shardha 3 Nand) were found innocent and, therefore, the above­named persons were kept in column no.2 and subsequently, accused Arjun was arrested and after completion of investigation, the report under Section 173 Cr.PC was submitted before the Ld. th Ilaqa Magistrate on 5  June, 2018 against the accused Arjun. After   charge­sheet   came   to   be   filed,   charges   were   framed th against accused Arjun on 6  August, 2018.    6. An   application   was   filed   by   the   complainant   through th learned  Public  Prosecutor  under  Section  319   CrPC   on 29 October,   2018   for   summoning   of   Naveen   s/o   Balwan   and Mehar Singh s/o Shardha Nand, as additional accused along with accused Arjun, on the premise that she had named both these persons(Naveen and Mehar Singh) as accused in her initial version but the police did not challan them in collusion with them and as she now has deposed in the Court naming these persons as accused, hence, these two persons shall also be summoned to face trial along with the main accused Arjun. In support thereof, it was urged that the complainant Kamlesh as PW.10 specifically deposed against the proposed accused 4 Naveen  and  Mehar  Singh as  accomplices  of  accused  Arjun because these two persons were also present in the hospital with the deceased and their presence is established from the CCTV footage of Sunflag Hospital, Rohtak and they should also be summoned to face trial with accused Arjun.   7. In counter, learned counsel for the appellant submitted that   the   complainant   PW.10   has   made   deliberate improvements in her statement and is trying to involve the innocent   persons.     It   was   also   submitted   that   from   the statement   of   PW.6   Mahipal,   the   Hotel   Manager   and   PW.8 Deepchand,   Waiter,   it   is   clear   that   the   deceased   used   to accompany the accused Arjun voluntarily to their hotel.  Even from  the  deposition of  PW.5  Deepak  Kumar,  Nodal Officer, Idea Cellular Company Limited, Panchkula, it could easily be established that on the date of occurrence, the CCTV footage of the hotel where the alleged fateful incident occurred, proves that the accused Arjun and deceased/ prosecutrix were not accompanied by any other person at the time of their visiting the   hotel   and   as   per   case   of   the   prosecution,   the   alleged 5 occurrence   had   taken   place   in   the   hotel   and   not   in   the hospital   where   the   accused   had   taken   the deceased/prosecutrix   and   if   the   proposed   accused   persons had   visited   the   hospital,   in   no   manner,   they   become accomplices   with   the   respondent/accused   who   was   facing trial.    8. Taking into consideration the overall material available during the course of trial, the learned trial Judge was satisfied that   it   was   not   a   case   to   invoke   Section   319   CrPC   and returned   a   finding   that   the   evidence   of   summoning   an additional accused should be of such nature from which it can be seen that if the evidence recorded during the course of trial remain   unrebutted,   there   are   chances   of   conviction   of   the proposed accused persons and mere prime facie evidence is not   sufficient   to   summon   the   additional   accused   and th accordingly   dismissed   application   by   order   dated   10 February, 2020. 9. We have heard learned counsel for the parties and with their assistance perused the material on record. 6 10. It  is   worthy   to   note   that  trial  of   accused   Arjun,   case bearing No.SC/59/2018, titled as “State Versus Arjun” was concluded and he was held guilty and convicted for offence under Section 302 IPC with imprisonment for life by judgment th dated 28  July, 2022.   11. The scope and ambit of Section 319 CrPC has been well­ settled by the Constitution Bench of this Court in   Hardeep 1   and paras 105 and Singh v. State of Punjab and others 106   which   are   relevant   for   the   purpose   are   reproduced hereunder: “ 105.  Power under Section 319 CrPC is a discretionary and an extra­ordinary power. It is to be exercised sparingly and only in those cases where the circumstances of the case so warrant. It is not to be exercised because the Magistrate or the Sessions Judge is of the opinion that some other person may also be guilty of committing that offence. Only where strong and cogent evidence occurs against a person from the evidence led before the court that such power  should be exercised and not in a casual and cavalier manner.  Thus, we hold that though only a prima facie case is to 106. be established from the evidence led before the court, not necessarily   tested   on   the   anvil   of   cross­examination,   it requires much stronger evidence than mere probability of his complicity. The test that has to be applied is one which is more   than   prima   facie   case   as   exercised   at   the   time   of framing of charge, but short of satisfaction to an extent that the evidence, if goes unrebutted, would lead to conviction. In 1 (2014) 3 SCC 92 7 the absence of such satisfaction, the court should refrain from exercising power under Section 319 CrPC. In Section 319 CrPC the purpose of providing if “it appears from the evidence   that   any   person   not   being   the   accused   has committed any offence” is clear from the words “ for which such person could be tried together with the accused ”. The words   used   are   not   “for   which   such   person   could   be convicted”. There is, therefore, no scope for the court acting under Section 319 CrPC to form any opinion as to the guilt of the accused.” 12. The Constitution Bench has given a caution that power under Section 319 CrPC is a discretionary and extraordinary power which should be exercised sparingly and only in those cases where the circumstances of the case so warrant and the crucial test as noticed above has to be applied is one which is more than prima facie case as exercised at the time of framing of   charge,   but   short   of   satisfaction   to   an   extent   that   the evidence, if goes unrebutted, would lead to conviction.   13. While   applying   the   afore­stated   principle,   we   may examine the facts of the instant case.   It will manifest that the present incident is based on circumstantial evidence.  As per the prosecution case, the alleged occurrence has taken place in the hotel and not in the hospital.  In hospital, the appellant had taken the deceased/prosecutrix and if the appellant as 8 proposed, visited the hospital, that in no manner could make him an accomplice with the accused Arjun and apart from the evidence of the complainant PW.10, the statement of other prosecution witnesses,  PW.6 Mahipal, the Hotel Manager and PW.8   Deepchand,   Waiter,   no   one   has   accompanied   the deceased other than accused Arjun.  The CCTV footage of the hotel   where   the   alleged   occurrence   has   taken   place   which came on record during the course of trial indicates that no other person had visited the hotel except Arjun who was made accused and faced trial.   14. So far as Mehar Singh is concerned, it may be noticed that it was conceded before the High Court that the name of Mehar Singh does not figure anywhere during the investigation and there is no evidence against him to deny him from facing prosecution.   That apart, it was recorded by the High Court that the hotel staff and of the hospital staff showed presence of two   boys   and   that   corroborates   the   initial   stand   of   the complainant   that   two   boys   were   there   at   the   time   of occurrence but that appears to be factually incorrect.     The 9 presence of two boys was in the hospital and not in the hotel as per the case of the prosecution and this what was deposed by the prosecution witnesses whose statements were recorded during the course of trial as PW.6 and PW.8 and also the record of the CCTV footage of the hotel as a part of evidence relied upon by the prosecution.    15. After we have examined the material on record, in our considered view, the evidence recorded during the course of prosecution, if remains unrebutted, will not be sufficient to lead   the   conviction   so   far   as   the   present   appellant   is concerned and accordingly the order passed by the High Court th dated 6  January, 2022 is not sustainable in law and deserves to be set aside.   16. Before parting with, we make it clear that what has been observed by this Court is only for the purpose of disposal of the present appeal in reference to the power invoked under Section 319 CrPC by the High Court to summon the present appellant for facing trial with reference to FIR No.156 dated 10 th 12   March, 2018 registered under Sections 302, 307, 364, 366,   376   read   with   Section   34   IPC   at   Police   Station   City th Bhiwani where by judgment dated 28   July, 2022 accused Arjun has been held guilty and convicted for offence under Section 302 IPC and sentenced to life imprisonment against which  the   appeal  has   been  filed   in   the   High   Court  at  the instance of accused Arjun that may be decided uninfluenced by the observations made on its own merits in accordance with law.  17. Consequently, the appeal stands allowed and the order th impugned dated 6  January, 2022 passed by the High Court is set aside.  18. Pending application(s), if any, stand disposed of. ….………………………J. (AJAY RASTOGI) …………………………….J. (C.T. RAVIKUMAR) NEW DELHI NOVEMBER 01, 2022. 11