NARESH KUMAR vs. GOVT.OF NCT OF DELHI

Case Type: Civil Appeal

Date of Judgment: 17-10-2019

Preview image for NARESH KUMAR vs. GOVT.OF NCT OF DELHI

Full Judgment Text

1 REPORTABLE IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CIVIL APPEAL NO. 6638 OF 2010 NARESH KUMAR & ORS.      …..APPELLANTS VERSUS GOVT. OF NCT OF DELHI      …RESPONDENT WITH CIVIL APPEAL NO. 6637 OF 2010 NARESH KUMAR & ORS.      …..APPELLANTS VERSUS GOVT. OF NCT OF DELHI      …RESPONDENT J U D G M E N T Vineet Saran, J. 1. The short question involved in these appeals are, as to whether under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (for short ‘the Act’), after the passing of the Award under Section 11 of the Act, the Signature Not Verified Award could be reviewed under any of the provisions of the Act, Digitally signed by JAYANT KUMAR ARORA Date: 2019.10.17 17:17:11 IST Reason: specially under Section 13A of the Act.  2 2. Brief facts of this case, relevant for the purpose of the present appeals are, that land of the appellants was sought to be acquired by a notification dated 23.05.2002 issued under Section 4 of the Act, followed by a declaration under Section 6 of the Act issued   on   17.12.2002.     An   Award   bearing   no.16/03­04   dated 01.10.2003 was passed by the Land Acquisition Collector awarding compensation of Rs.1,97,08,397/­ in favour of the appellants, out of which, an amount of Rs.1,87,10,194/­ was paid to the appellants and the balance amount of Rs.9,98,203/­, along with interest, still remains to be paid.  3. Then on 14.07.2004, a Review Award was passed by the Land Acquisition Collector, reducing the amount of compensation by Rs.49,39,195/­ on the ground that the compensation ought not to have been awarded in respect of alleged illegal structures on the land,   which   had   wrongly   been   awarded   by   the   Award   dated 01.10.2003.     Such   amount   was   thus   deducted   by   the   Review Award.   The appellants were unaware of the said Review Award having been passed and, in the meantime, a Supplementary Award dated 27.10.2004 was passed in favour of the appellants for an 3 amount   of   Rs.45,36,781.64   paise   towards   compensation   for   the trees on the land which was acquired.  4. The   appellants   then  filed   Writ  Petition   (C)  No.2185 of 2008  praying   for   release   of   the   compensation   in   respect   of   the Supplementary Award dated 27.10.2004.  On having been informed of the passing of the Review Award No.16/03­04 on 14.07.2004, which information was furnished to the appellants in response to an RTI application dated 18.12.2007, the appellants then filed Writ Petition (C) No.381 of 2009 challenging the Review Award dated 14.07.2004.   Both   the   Writ   Petitions   were   heard   together   and dismissed by a common judgment dated 04.03.2010 passed by the Division Bench of the Delhi High Court, which is under challenge in the present appeals.  5. The contention of the learned Counsel for the appellants is   that   after   the   Award   had   been   passed   on   01.10.2003   under Section 11 of the Act, the same had become final as per Section 12 of the Act, and the same could not have been reviewed under any provision of the Act.  It has been contended that the only provision is for correction of clerical errors etc.  under Section 13A of the Act, which   only   permits   the   Collector   to   correct   any   clerical   or arithmetical mistake in the Award, and that too within a period of 4 six months and not beyond.  It is thus contended that Award dated 01.10.2003 had attained finality, and could not have been reviewed under any of the provisions of the Act.  It is lastly contended that the   Supplementary   Award   dated   27.10.2004   was   passed   for compensation of the trees on the land of appellants, which amount ought to have been paid and the High Court has wrongly denied the same.  6. Per contra, learned Counsel for the respondent submitted that a mistake committed by the Land Acquisition Collector, while passing the Award dated 01.10.2003, could be corrected at any time,   and   in   the   present   case,   the   Award   included   the compensation for the illegal structure, which ought not to have been paid to the petitioner as the same would not be payable under th the 8  Clause of Section 24 of the Act.  It has been contended that a mistake which had occurred in the Award could be corrected by the Land Acquisition Collector at any time, and in the present case, the same was done on the instruction of the Secretary, Land and Building, which was duly approved by the Lieutenant Governor. Though it is submitted that notice of the proceedings in the Review Award was sent to the appellants, but the same is denied by the 5 appellants, who have thus contended that they had no knowledge of the proceedings of the Review Award.  7. We have heard learned Counsel for the parties at length and have perused the material on record.  8. There is no provision under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 for review of the Award once passed under Section 11 of the Act and had attained finality.  The only provision is for correction of clerical errors in the Award which is provided for under Section 13A of the Act, which was inserted with effect from 24.09.1984.   The relevant Section 13A of the Act reads as under: 13A.   Correction   of   clerical   (1)   The   Collector errors,   etc.   – may, at any time but not later than six   months   from   the   date   of   the award,  or   where   he   has   been required under section 18 to make a reference to the Court, before the making of such reference, by order, correct any clerical or arithmetical mistakes   in   the   award  or   errors arising   therein   either   on   his   own motion or on the application of any person   interested   or   a   local authority: Provided that no correction which is likely   to   affect   prejudicially   any person shall be made unless such person   has   been   given   a reasonable opportunity of making a representation in the matter. 6 (2)   The   Collector   shall   give immediate notice of any correction made   in   the   award   to   all   the persons interested. (3)   Where   any   excess   amount   is proved to have been paid to any person as a result of the correction made   under   sub­section   (1),   the excess   amount   so   paid   shall   be liable   to   be   refunded   and   in   the case   of   any   default   or   refusal   to pay, the same may be recovered as an arrear of land revenue. (emphasis supplied)   A bare reading of the said Section 13A would make it clear that the same is not a provision for Review of the Award but only for correction of clerical or arithmetical mistakes in the Award.   It is further provided in the sub­Section (1) of Section 13A that the said correction can be made at any time, but not later than six months from the date of award. In the present case, the Land Acquisition Collector   has   actually   not   made   any   correction   of   clerical   or arithmetical mistake,  but has  in  fact reviewed  the  Award  dated 01.10.2003 by its Review Award no.16/03­04 dated 14.07.2004, which was also clearly passed beyond such period of six months.  In our considered view, the Review Award could not have 9. been passed under Section 13A of the Act, which is meant only for correction of any clerical or arithmetical mistake.  There is no other 7 provision in the Act under which the said order dated 14.07.2004 could have been passed.   10. In the present case, the compensation for the structure on the land has been deducted from the Award dated 01.10.2003 by the Review Award dated 14.07.2004 on the ground of the same being illegal structure, which actually amounts to Review of the Award and   cannot be said to be a correction of any clerical or arithmetical mistake.   The question whether the structure on the land of the appellants was legal or illegal could only be decided after the   parties   were   given   opportunity   to   adduce   evidence,   which correction   cannot   be   termed   as   correction   of   any   clerical   or arithmetical mistake.   There being no provision under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 for review of the Award, the passing of the order dated 14.07.2004 in Review Award no.16/03­04 cannot be justified in law. Section 12 of the Act clearly provides that the Award of 11. the Collector  shall become  final on  the  same  being  filed  in the Collector’s office, of which the Collector shall give immediate notice to the persons interested.   From the facts of this case, it is clear that the Award dated 01.10.2003, of which due notice had been given to the appellants and part compensation had also been paid 8 to the appellants in pursuance thereto, had become final and the same could not have been reviewed, and that too beyond a period of six   months,   within   which   period   only   clerical   or   arithmetical mistakes could have been corrected. It is settled law that the power of Review can be exercised 12. only when the statute provides for the same.  In the absence of any such  provision   in   the   concerned   statute,   such   power   of   Review cannot be exercised by the authority concerned.  This Court in the case of   Kalabharati Advertising vs. Hemant Vimalnath Narichania (2010) 9 SCC 437,  has held as under: “…………… It   is   settled   legal   proposition 12. that   unless   the   statute/rules   so permit, the review application is not maintainable   in   case   of judicial/quasi­judicial   orders.   In the absence of any provision in the Act granting an express power of review, it is manifest that a review could not be made and the order in review,   if   passed,   is   ultra   vires, illegal   and   without   jurisdiction. (Vide Patel   Chunibhai Dajibha v. Narayanrao   Khanderao Jambekar [AIR   1965   SC   1457] and Harbhajan   Singh v. Karam Singh [AIR 1966 SC 641] .) 13.    In Patel   Narshi Thakershi v. Pradyuman   Singhji Arjunsinghji [(1971)   3   SCC   844   : 9
AIR 1970 SC 1273] , Major<br>Chandra Bhan Singh v. Latafat<br>Ullah Khan [(1979) 1 SCC<br>321] , Kuntesh Gupta (Dr.) v. Hindu<br>Kanya Mahavidyalaya [(1987) 4<br>SCC 525 : 1987 SCC (L&S) 491 :<br>AIR 1987 SC 2186] , State of<br>Orissa v. Commr. of Land Records<br>and Settlement [(1998) 7 SCC 162]<br>and Sunita Jain v. Pawan Kumar<br>Jain [(2008) 2 SCC 705 : (2008) 1<br>SCC (Cri) 537] this Court held that<br>the power to review is not an<br>inherent power. It must be<br>conferred by law either<br>expressly/specifically or by<br>necessary implication and in the<br>absence of any provision in the<br>Act/Rules, review of an earlier<br>order is impermissible as review is<br>a creation of statute. Jurisdiction<br>of review can be derived only from<br>the statute and thus, any order of<br>review in the absence of any<br>statutory provision for the same is<br>a nullity, being without<br>jurisdiction.
14. Therefore, in view of the above,<br>the law on the point can be<br>summarised to the effect that in the<br>absence of any statutory provision<br>providing for review, entertaining<br>an application for review or under<br>the garb of clarification<br>/modification/ correction is not<br>permissible.”
10
13. In view of the aforesaid, we hold that the Award dated<br>01.10.2003 could not have been reviewed by the Collector, and thus<br>we allow these appeals and quash the order dated 04.07.2004<br>passed by the Collector in Review Award No.16/03­04 as well<br>as the order dated 04.03.2010 passed by the Delhi High<br>Court in Writ Petition (C) No.2185 of 2008 and Writ Petition (C)<br>No.381 of 2009. The appellants shall thus be entitled to the<br>compensation as awarded in terms of the Award of the Land<br>Acquisition Collector dated 01.10.2003, and the Supplementary<br>Award dated 27.10.2004.
No orders as to costs.
………………………………..J.                                                [Arun Mishra] ………………………………..J.                                               [Vineet Saran] ………………………………..J.                                         [S. Ravindra Bhat] New Delhi Dated: October 17, 2019