PARESH S/O. KAMLESH DHANVATKAR (IN JAIL) vs. THE STATE OF MAHARASHTRA THR. PSO PANCHPAOLI NAGPUR

Case Type: NaN

Date of Judgment: 08-09-2018

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Full Judgment Text

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IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
NAGPUR BENCH, NAGPUR.
CRIMINAL APPEAL  NO.  460   OF   2017
APPELLANT :­ Paresh @ Kamlesh Prakash   Dhanvatkar
Aged about 21 years, Occ: Private Work,
r/o.   Vaishali   Nagar   Behind   Ganesh
Temple,
P.S.O. Panchpaoli, Nagpur. 
(In Central Prison, Nagpur)
...VERSUS... 
RESPONDENT :­ The State of Maharashtra, Through PSO,
Panchpaoli, Nagpur. 
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Mr. C.R.Thakur, counsel for the appellant.
Ms Shamsi Haider, APP for the respondent.
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CORAM  : MANISH  PITALE,  J.
DATE OF RESERVING THE JUDGMENT:  27.07.2018. 
DATE OF PRONOUNCING THE JUDGMENT: 09.08.2018.
J U D G M E N T  
The   appellant   has   challenged   judgment   and   order
dated 11/09/2017 passed by the Sessions Court, Nagpur (Trial
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Court in Special Child Criminal Case No.154 of 2015, whereby the
appellant has been convicted for the offence punishable under
section 354­B of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) and sections 8 and
12 of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012
(POCSO Act) and sentenced to suffer rigorous imprisonment for 4
years and 3 years for such conviction with amounts of fine to be
paid in terms of the impugned judgment and order. 
2. The prosecution case in brief is that the complainant
(PW­1) Sandhya Suryawanshi lodged a report on 21/05/2015 in
Police Station Panchpaoli, Nagpur, District Nagpur, alleging that
on 17/05/2015 at about 12.30 p.m., when she had gone to the
market with her mother­in­law, the appellant took her daughter
behind Hanuman Temple and kissed her on lips and cheeks and
thereafter he showed his private part to the child. The child victim
PW­2 was scared and ran away from the place. The complainant
PW­1 claimed that her daughter i.e. the victim PW­2 narrated the
incident to her when she came back from the market and that the
complainant then informed her husband and mother­in­law about
the same.
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3. It   was   claimed   that   report   was   lodged   before   the
Police   after  about  4   days   because  the  complainant   PW­1   was
scared of defamation of her daughter.  On registration of the first
information report (FIR) pursuant to the said oral report lodged
by   the   complainant   PW­1,   the   Investigating   Officer   PW­6
undertook   investigation   and   recorded   statements   of   witnesses,
including the statement of the victim PW­2.   The appellant was
arrested on 22/05/2015 and he was sent for medical examination.
On the basis of the material gathered during investigation, charge­
sheet was submitted against the appellant. 
4. After charge was framed, evidence of witnesses was
recorded in the Trial Court. The prosecution examined 6 witnesses
in support of its case.  PW­1 was the complainant and mother of
the victim, PW­2 was the victim herself, PW­3 and 4 were the
panch witnesses on spot panchnama, PW­5 was the Police Officer,
who recorded the report lodged by the complainant PW­1 and
PW­6 was the Investigating Officer.  On the basis of the oral and
documentary evidence on record, the Trial Court found that the
prosecution had proved its case beyond reasonable doubt against
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the appellant and accordingly he was convicted and sentenced in
the aforesaid manner.  
5. Mr. C.R.Thakur, learned counsel  appearing for the
appellant, submitted that in the present case, delay of 4 days in
registration of FIR was fatal for the prosecution case.   It was
submitted that no explanation was put forth by the prosecution
for such huge amount of delay.  It was submitted that the entire
case against the appellant was nothing but a concoction and that
the appellant was falsely implicated.  It was submitted that there
had been dispute between the family of the appellant and that of
the complainant with respect to a lane near the house, due to
which   the   appellant   was   falsely   implicated.     It   was   further
submitted that the prosecution failed to examine friends of the
victim  PW­2,  with whom  she  was  playing  near  the  Hanuman
Temple at the time of the incident.  It was submitted that since
FIR   itself   was   lodged   after   four   days,   there   was   no   medical
evidence in the present case to prove the allegations made against
the appellant.   On this basis, it was submitted that the appeal
deserved to be allowed. 
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6. Per contra , Ms Shamsi Haider, learned APP appearing
on behalf of the respondent­State, submitted that merely because
FIR was lodged after 4 days, it could not be said to be fatal for the
prosecution   case.   The   complainant   PW­1   had   sufficiently
explained the delay in registration of FIR, as she stated that she
feared defamation of her minor daughter.  It was submitted that
in such circumstances, it has been held that delayed registration of
FIR in cases involving sexual offences, needs to be appreciated in
the context of the fear that the child and her family would have
about being defamed when such incident becomes public.  It was
submitted that the victim PW­2 had clearly stated in her evidence
in support of the prosecution case and that there was sufficient
material on record to demonstrate that the impugned judgment
and order passed by the Trial Court was justified. On this basis, it
was submitted that the appeal deserved to be dismissed.   The
learned APP relied upon the judgment of this Court in the case of
Siddharth Dagadu Sonde v. State of Maharashtra , reported in
2017 ALL MR (Cri.) 4192 .    
7. Heard counsel for the parties.  The first and foremost
issue that needs to be decided in the present appeal is, as to
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whether registration of FIR on 21/05/2015 at about 3.30 p.m.
pertaining to an incident, that allegedly occurred at about 12.30
p.m. on 17/05/2015, could be said to be fatal for the prosecution
in the present case.  No straight jacket formula can be laid down
as regards delay in registration of FIR becoming fatal for the
prosecution.   Everything   would   depend   on   the   facts   and
circumstances of each case and the nature of evidence placed on
record on behalf of the prosecution.  In the judgment relied upon
by the learned APP i.e.   Siddharth Dagadu Sonde v. State of
Maharashtra  ( supra ), in a case where FIR was registered after 5
days of the incident, pertaining to offences under the POCSO Act,
this Court found that the delay of 5 days could not be said to be
fatal for the prosecution case.  In the said judgment, reliance was
placed on the judgment of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case
of  Bharwada Bhoginbhai Hirjibhai v. State of Gujarat , reported
in   AIR   1983   SC   753 .     In   the   said   judgment   of   the   Hon'ble
Supreme Court, reasons for late reporting of sexual offences in our
country were noted to be as follows :­
(1) A   girl   or   a   woman   in   the   tradition   bound
non­permissive   Society   of   India   would   be   extremely
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reluctant even to admit that any incident which is likely
to reflect on her chastity had ever occurred,   (2)   She
would be conscious of the danger of being ostracized by
the   Society   or   being   looked   down   by   the   society
including by her own family members, relatives, friends
and neighbours,   (3)   She would have to brave the
whole world.    (4)    She would face the risk of losing
the   love   and   respect   of   her   own   husband   and   near
relatives, and of her matrimonial home and happiness
being shattered.    (5)   If she is unmarried, she would
apprehend   that   it   would   be,   difficult   to   secure   an
alliance with a suitable match from a respectable or an
acceptable family.  (6) It would almost inevitably and
almost invariably result in mental torture and suffering
to herself.   (7)  The fear of being taunted by others will
always   haunt   her.   (8)   She   would   feel   extremely
embarrassed in relating the incident to others being over
powered   by   a   feeling   of   shame   on   account   of   the
upbringing in a tradition bound society where by and
large sex is taboo.  (9)  The natural inclination would
be   to   avoid   giving   publicity   to   the   incident   lest   the
family   name   and   family   honour   is   brought   into
controversy.   (10)  The parents of an unmarried girl as
also the husband and members of the husband's family
of married woman, would also more often than not,
want to avoid publicity on account of the fear of social
stigma on the family name and family honour. (11)
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The fear of the victim herself being considered to be
promiscuous or in some way responsible for the incident
regardless of her innocence.   (12)   The reluctance to
face interrogation by the investigating agency to face the
Court, to face the cross examination by counsel for the
culprit,   and   the   risk   of   being   disbelieved,   acts   as   a
deterrent.
On   the   basis   of   the   aforesaid   position,   it   was
submitted by the learned APP that delay of 4 days in registration
of FIR in the present case could not be said to be fatal for the
prosecution case.
8. There   is   no   doubt   about   the   fact   that   when   an
incident involves a minor girl child like the victim PW­2 in the
present   case,   the   family   of   the   victim   may   not   immediately
approach the Police in respect of such incident.  The inclination of
the family would be to avoid making the incident public so that
the victim and the family do not suffer social stigma.
   
9. In the present case, the incident allegedly took place
on 17/05/2015 at about 12.30 p.m., while FIR was registered
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after 4 days on 21/05/2015 at 3.30 p.m.  The complainant  PW­1
gave a one line explanation for the delay in her evidence by
stating   that   she   did   not   lodge   report   earlier   due   to   fear   of
defamation of her daughter i.e. the victim PW­2.  But, it has also
come in her evidence that she had gone to the market with her
mother­in­law when the alleged incident took place. According to
this witness, when she returned home at about 2.00 p.m., she
heard her daughter weeping and upon being asked, she narrated
details of the said incident.  The complainant PW­1 stated that she
narrated the incident to her mother­in­law and that her mother­in­
law told about the incident to her husband and father­in­law and
that she also told both of them about the incident.  There are no
details as to when the complainant PW­1 told her husband and
in­laws about the said incident.  It has also not come on record
that upon being told about the incident, all of them were in fear
about   the   defamation   of   the   victim   PW­2.     It   appears   to   be
unnatural that the father and grand parents of the child would
have kept quiet for a long period of 4 days before the report was
lodged   about   the   incident.   It   is   also   not   the   case   of   the
complainant PW­1 that she hesitated for some time and then told
her   husband   and   father­in­law   about   the   incident,   who   then
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immediately caused the report to be lodged.  It is also strange that
the father of the child did not approach the Police at all.  The one
line explanation sought to be given by the complainant PW­1 for
delay in approaching the police does not appear to be convincing,
as no attending circumstances have been explained as to why the
complainant PW­1 did not report the matter earlier to the Police.
10. In the case of  Siddharth Dagadu Sonde v. State of
Maharashtra   ( supra ),   upon   which   reliance   is   placed   by   the
learned APP, the delay of 5 days was explained on the basis that
the accused was none other than the uncle of the victim and the
parents of the victim found it difficult to immediately report the
incident to the Police, as it involved a close family member.  It had
also come on record in that case, that the mother of the victim
had first confronted the accused (uncle of the victim) when the
accused threatened that if they lodged a complaint against him, he
would commit suicide.  Thereafter, the complainant in that case,
with the help of other prosecution witnesses gathered courage to
lodge the report against the accused. In that case, the Court found
that the medical evidence had corroborated the allegations made
by the victim. 
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11. But, in the present case, the facts are different and in
the context of the evidence of the other prosecution witnesses,
delay in approaching the Police in the present case has created a
serious doubt about the genuineness of the prosecution case.
12. A perusal of the evidence of the victim PW­2 shows
that she was playing along with other children near the Hanuman
Temple   on   the   date   of   the   incident.     She   claimed   that   the
appellant came there and asked her to play game of hide and seek
with him and then he took her behind the temple.  Thereafter, the
victim has given details of the manner in which the appellant
behaved with her.  But, in the cross­examination the victim PW­2
has stated that earlier she used to visit the house of the appellant
but due to dispute regarding lane between the two families, the
visiting terms had come to an end.   The complainant PW­1 has
also stated in cross­examination that there had been exchange of
words   between   the   two   families,   although   she   denied   the
suggestion that there had been a dispute between the families in
respect of the lane.  The complainant PW­1 had also stated that
about 10 to 11 years earlier the father of the appellant had raised
objection on construction of wall.
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13.  It has also come in the evidence of the complainant
PW­1 that there were some improvements made in her evidence
before the Court as compared to her statement given to the Police
after   the   incident.   These   omissions   were   proved   through   the
cross­examination   of   the   Investigating   Officer.     The   nature   of
evidence of the complainant PW­1 and her daughter victim PW­2
thus shows that there had been a dispute between the families of
the appellant and the victim.  The omissions in the evidence of the
complainant PW­1 also indicate that there was an attempt by her
to embellish the version.  In this context, failure of the prosecution
to examine at least one of the children with whom the victim
PW­2   was   playing   also   becomes   significant.   The   place   of   the
incident was not a house or an enclosed place, but it was a public
place   behind   the   Hanuman   Temple.   In   this   situation   the
prosecution could have examined an independent witness.
14. As   the   FIR   itself   was   lodged   after   4   days   of   the
incident, as also because of the nature of the allegations made
against the appellant, there is no medical evidence in the present
case to corroborate the prosecution case.   There is nothing on
record to show that the victim PW­2 had indeed suffered physical
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abuse due to the said incident.  The evidence of PW­3 and PW­4,
the panch witnesses on spot panchanama shows that they have
not supported the prosecution case.   Both these witnesses have
stated   that   the   spot   panchanama   was   not   prepared   in   their
presence.   Therefore, this aspect of the prosecution case is also
not proved.  The evidence of the Investigating Officer PW­6 shows
that he admits not to have recorded the statement of the girl who
was playing with the victim PW­2.  He also admitted that he had
asked the victim PW­2 as to what the appellant had done with
her by specifically naming the appellant.  This indicates that the
name of the appellant did not come from the victim PW­2 at the
time of recording of her statement. In his statement under section
313 of the Criminal Procedure Code, the appellant stated that he
had been falsely implicated because of dispute pertaining to lane
in the year 2015.
15. The evidence of the prosecution witnesses brings out
the   fact   that   although   the   incident   allegedly   took   place   on
17/05/2015 at about 12.30 p.m., the complaint regarding the
same was lodged by the complainant PW­1 for the first time on
21/05/2015 at about 3.30 p.m.  In the backdrop of the admissions
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given by the complainant PW­1 and the victim PW­2 about dispute
between the families of the victim and the appellant (accused),
proper explanation for such a long delay in registration of the FIR
was necessary. But, the complainant PW­1 has failed to give a
proper explanation. One line statement about fear of defamation
of her daughter does not appear to be sufficient in the facts and
circumstances of the present case.   The complainant   PW­1 has
failed to give details about when she informed her husband and
in­laws   about   the   said   incident   and   what   prompted   her   on
21/05/2015 to approach the Police at about 3.30 p.m.   Since
existence of dispute between the families was admitted both by
the complainant PW­1 and the victim PW­2, the possibility of false
implication of the appellant cannot be ruled out.  There is also no
medical   evidence   to   corroborate   the   prosecution   case.     The
Investigating Officer failed to record statement of the children
with   whom   the   victim   PW­2   was   playing   when   the   incident
allegedly occurred and the spot panchanama has also not been
proved satisfactorily as both the panch witnesses turned hostile.
16. In these circumstances, it appears  to be unsafe to
convict the appellant for the offences with which he was charged.
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APEAL460.17­Judgment15/15

The Trial Court has merely stated that it found the explanation for
delay in registration of FIR to be satisfactorily explained by the
complainant   PW­1.   There   is   no   discussion   in   the   impugned
judgment and order as to why there was such a delay of 4 days in
approaching the Police when the Police Station was admittedly
situated at a distance of about one to one and half kilometers from
the house of the complainant PW­1. There is no explanation on
record as to why the husband of the complainant PW­1 and the
father of the victim PW­2 had no role to play in the present case,
although it pertained to serious offence of sexual abuse against his
own daughter.  All these circumstances show that the verdict of
guilty pronounced by the Trial Court against the appellant is not
sustainable.
17. Accordingly,   the   instant   appeal   is   allowed.   The
impugned judgment and order is set aside and the appellant is
acquitted   of   the   offences   with   which   he   was   charged.
Consequently,   the   appellant   shall   be   released   from   custody
forthwith, unless required in any other case.
                                                   JUDGE  
KHUNTE
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