SUBHASH SAHEBRAO DESHMUKH vs. SATISH ATMARAM TALEKAR

Case Type: Criminal Appeal

Date of Judgment: 18-06-2020

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NON­REPORTABLE IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.2183 OF 2011 SUBHASH SAHEBRAO DESHMUKH        ...APPELLANT(S) VERSUS SATISH ATMARAM TALEKAR AND OTHERS ...RESPONDENT(S) JUDGMENT  NAVIN SINHA, J. The petitioner, an accused in the complaint case, is aggrieved by the refusal of the High court to interfere with the order of the Additional Sessions Judge, setting aside the order of the Special Metropolitan Magistrate,   dismissing the complaint under Section 203 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (hereinafter referred to as Signature Not Verified "the Cr.P.C.”) Digitally signed by SUSHMA KUMARI BAJAJ Date: 2020.06.18 16:50:12 IST Reason: 1 2.  Learned counsel for the appellant submits that respondent no.l filed a complaint under Section 156(3) Cr.P.C. alleging offences under Sections 420, 467, 468, 120­B, 114 and 34 of the Indian Penal Code. The Magistrate called for a report from the police.  The police, after investigation submitted report that the allegations were false. Notice was issued to the complainant, who then filed a protest petition seeking an order of cognizance and issuance of process. The Magistrate, after hearing the respondent and not being satisfied dismissed the complaint.   Aggrieved, the complainant preferred a criminal revision before the Additional Sessions Judge in which the appellant was impleaded as a party respondent.   No notice was issued to the appellant.   The revision application was allowed and the matter remanded to the Magistrate.  Relying upon Sections 399 and 401(2)  Cr.P.C, it was submitted that no order to the prejudice of the appellant could have been passed without hearing him after dismissal of the complaint.  The Additional Sessions Judge erred in passing   the   remand   order   in   exercise   of   revisional   jurisdiction placing   reliance   on   Section   398   Cr.P.C.   to   direct   further 2 investigation by the Magistrate.   The High Court further erred in holding that no opportunity of hearing was required under Section 398 Cr.P.C. if the direction for further inquiry was being passed after   dismissal   of   the   complaint   as   opposed   to   a   discharge. Effectively,   the   complaint   case   was   therefore   restored   to   the prejudice of the appellant.   Reliance was placed on  Manharibhai Muljibhai Kakadia and another vs. Shaileshbhai Mohanbhai Patel and others , 2012 (10) SCC 517. 3. Learned   counsel   for   respondent   no.l   submitted   that   the dismissal of the application under Section 156(3) Cr.P.C. at the pre­ cognizance stage, does not vest any right in the accused to be heard at   the   stage   of   remand   in   revision   for   further   inquiry.     Merely because the Magistrate may have called for a police report, it does not tantamount to taking cognizance.  There has been no dismissal of the complaint under Section 203 Cr.P.C., entitling the appellant to be heard in the revisional jurisdiction. 3 4. We have considered the submissions on behalf of the parties. The complaint filed by respondent no.1 before the Magistrate under Section   156(3)   Cr.P.C.   alleged   that   by   cheating   and   forging   his signatures   on   blank   papers,   he   had   been   shown   as   the   sole proprietor of M/s Shivam Wines, when in fact he was a partner and his   resignation   from   the   partnership   had   also   been   forged. Consequentially, in the recovery suit filed by the Bank leading to the grant of recovery certificate, his private property came to be auctioned. 5. The   Magistrate,   under   Section   156(3)   Cr.P.C.   directed   the police to  register   a  criminal  case,  investigate   and  submit  police report in 90 days. The police after investigation submitted a report dated 05.04.2006 under Section 173(2) that the accusations were false.     The   Magistrate   did   not   consider   it   necessary   to   proceed under Section 173(8) and issued notice to the complainant as to why the final report by the police be not accepted.  The respondent filed a protest petition which was registered as a complaint case. 4 The   Magistrate,   after   hearing   the   respondent,   and   not   being satisfied, dismissed the complaint under Section 203 Cr.P.C. on 13.07.2006.  It was therefore not a rejection of an application under Section 156(3) Cr.P.C. as was sought to be urged on behalf of the respondent.  The Additional Sessions Judge, in a revision preferred by the respondent against the dismissal of his complaint, set aside the   dismissal   order   on   08.10.2007,   effectively   restoring   the complaint case arising out of a protest petition and directed further inquiry by the Magistrate.  The High Court declined to interfere with the order. 6. In   B.   Chandrika   vs.   Santhosh ,   (2014)   13   SCC   699,   this Court observed as follows: “5. The power of the Magistrate to take cognizance of an offence on a complaint or a protest petition on   the   same   or   similar   allegations   even   after accepting the final report, cannot be disputed. It is settled law that when a complaint is filed and sent to police under Section 156(3) for investigation and then a protest petition is filed, the Magistrate after accepting   the   final   report   of   the   police   under Section 173 and discharging the accused persons has  the  power to deal with the  protest petition. However,   the   protest   petition   has   to   satisfy   the 5 ingredients   of   complaint   before   the   Magistrate takes cognizance under Section 190(1)( a ) CrPC.” 7.  The restoration of the complaint by the Additional Sessions Judge was undoubtedly to the prejudice of the appellant.  The right of the appellant to be heard at this stage need not detain us any further in view of  (supra) observing as follows: Manharibhai  “53.. . . We hold, as it must be, that in a revision petition preferred   by  the   complainant before  the High Court or the Sessions Judge challenging an order of the Magistrate dismissing the complaint under Section 203 of the Code at the stage under Section.   200   or   after   following   the   process contemplated under Section 202 of the Code, the accused   or   a   person   who   is   suspected   to   have committed the crime is entitled to hearing by the Revisional   Court.   In   other   words,   where   the complaint has been dismissed by the Magistrate under Section 203 of the Code, upon challenge to the   legality   of   the   said   order   being   laid   by   the complainant in a revision petition before the High Court or the Sessions Judge, the persons who are arraigned as accused in the complaint have a right to   be   heard   in   such  revision   petition.   This   is   a plain requirement of Section 401(2) of the Code. If the   Revisional   Court   overturns   the   order   of   the Magistrate   dismissing   the   complaint   and   the complaint is restored to the file of the Magistrate and   it   is   sent   back   for   fresh   consideration,   the persons who are alleged in the complaint to have committed   the   crime   have,   however,   no   right   to 6 participate in the proceedings nor are they entitled to   any   hearing   of   any   sort   whatsoever   by   the Magistrate until the consideration of the matter by the Magistrate for issuance of process. We answer the   question   accordingly.   The   judgments   of   the High Courts to the contrary are overruled.” 8.  The   impugned   orders   dated   6.03.2009   and   08.10.2007  are held to be unsustainable in their present form.  They are therefore set aside. The matter is remanded to the Additional Sessions Judge, Greater Mumbai to hear the revision application afresh after notice to the appellant also and then pass a fresh reasoned and speaking order to his satisfaction.  The appeal is allowed. …….………………………..J.    (NAVIN SINHA)   ……………………………….J.   (INDIRA BANERJEE) New Delhi, June 18, 2020 7