UNION OF INDIA MINISTRY OF DEFENCE THROUGH THE SECRETARY vs. EX NAIK RAM SINGH

Case Type: Civil Appeal

Date of Judgment: 18-07-2022

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Full Judgment Text

NON­REPORTABLE IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CIVIL APPEAL NO. 9654 OF 2014 UNION OF INDIA & ORS.                …  APPELLANTS       v. EX. NAIK RAM SINGH                       …  RESPONDENT J  U  D  G  M  E  N  T ABHAY S. OKA, J. 1. The appellants, Union of India and three others, have taken rd an exception to the judgment and order dated 23  December 2010 of   the   Armed   Forces   Tribunal,   Chandigarh   Bench   at Chandimandir (for short, ‘the Tribunal’).  By the impugned judgment and order, the appellants were 2. Signature Not Verified Digitally signed by NIRMALA NEGI Date: 2022.07.18 17:08:29 IST Reason: directed   to   release   the   disability   pension   quantified   at   80% disability for life to the respondent from the date of his discharge 1 from military service. The appellants were directed to pay arrears of   disability   pension   restricted   to   a   period   of   three   years immediately preceding filing of the application by the respondent before the Tribunal. Interest @10% per annum was granted on the arrears. th 3. The respondent was enrolled in the Army on 4  June 1965. After rendering colour service for 10 years and 88 days, he was th transferred to reserved establishment on 30  August 1975. During his reserve period, he voluntarily got himself enrolled in Defence th th Security Corps on 7  January 1976. On 6  November 1999, the respondent   was   granted   annual   leave.   He   proceeded   to th Kishanpura on the same day. While on leave, on 8   November 1999, he suffered an accident. While crossing the road, he was hit by a speedy scooter. As a result of the accident, he sustained head injury and became unconscious. The Medical Board assessed the percentage of the disability of the respondent at 80%. The Medical Board placed the respondent in low medical category (EEE). On th that ground, he was invalidated out of service from 28  September 2000. 4. The respondent made an application to the Armed Forces Tribunal praying for grant of disability pension. In the impugned th judgment,   the   Tribunal   relied   upon   its   decision   dated   15 December 2010 in T.A. No.237 of 2010  (Ex. NK. Raj Pal v. Union 2 of India & Ors.) The Tribunal held that if an individual sustains an injury during the period of any kind of authorized leave and his act was not inconsistent with Military service, his disability is deemed to be attributable to Military service. th 5. On   6   December   2013,   this   Court   issued   notice   to   the respondent. After service of notice, the respondent did not appear. th While granting leave on 10   October 2014, a fresh notice was issued   to   the   respondent   which   has   been   duly   served.   The respondent did not enter appearance even thereafter.  6. Shri K.M. Nataraj, learned Additional Solicitor General urged that there has to be a reasonable connection between the injuries sustained by a member of Armed Forces resulting in disability and the Military service. He invited our attention to Regulation 173 of the   Pension   Regulations   for   the   Army,   1961   (for   short,   ‘the Pension Regulations’). He also invited our attention to Rule 12 of the Entitlement Rules for Casualty Pensionary Awards, 1982. He submitted  that  the  accident   occurred  couple   of   days  after   the respondent travelled from the place of his duty to leave station. He would submit that the respondent was disentitled to disability pension. He fairly pointed out that the decision of the Tribunal in T.A.No.237 of 2010 relied upon in the impugned judgment, was challenged   by   the   Union   of   India.   However,   the   special   leave petition was dismissed summarily. He submitted that what holds 3 the field is the decision of this Court in the case of  Union of India 1 & Ors. v. Vijay Kumar No.3989606 P, Ex­Naik 7. On facts, it is an admitted position that the respondent was th granted annual leave on 6  November 1999. He proceeded on the th same day to leave station. On 8   November 1999, when he was crossing the road, he suffered an accident. As noted earlier, his disability was assessed at 80%. Regulation 173 of the Pension Regulations reads thus.: “173. Primary   conditions   for   the   grant   of .­Unless   otherwise disability   pension specifically   provided   a   disability   pension consisting   of   service   element   and   disability element may be granted to an individual who is invalidated out of service on account of disability which is attributable to or aggravated by military service in non­battle casualty and is assessed at 20% or over. (underline supplied) 8. The   Entitlement   Rules,   1982   and   in   particular   Rule   12, defines ‘Duty’. Clause (d) of Note 2 which is a part of Rule 12 clarifies that personnel while travelling between the place of their duty to leave station and vice­versa, shall be treated on duty. It is not   the   case   made   out   by   the   respondent   that   the   accident occurred when he was travelling to leave station. It happened after he reached the leave station.  Unless the disability is attributable 1 2015 (10) SCC 460 4 to or aggravated by military service and is more than 20%, the entitlement to disability pension does not arise. 1 9. This Court in the case of   Vijay Kumar , after considering Regulation 173 of the Pension Regulations and Rule 12 of the Entitlement Rules, 1982, in paragraph 14 held thus.:
“14.The Entitlement Rules for Casualty
Pensionary Awards, 1982 are beneficial in nature
and ought to be liberally construed. In terms of
Rule 12, the disability sustained during the
course of an accident which occurs when the
personnel of the armed forces is not strictly on
duty may also be attributable to service on
fulfilling of certain conditions enumerated
therein.But there has to be a reasonable causal
connection between the injuries resulting in
disability and the military service.
(underline supplied) 10. What is held above, is the binding precedent. In the present case, as noted earlier, two days after the respondent reached the leave station, he met with an accident on a public road. There is absolutely   no   nexus   between   the   Military   service   and   injuries sustained   by   the   respondent.   There   is   not   even   a   causal connection. The Tribunal has completely overlooked this aspect which goes to the root of the matter. Hence, the respondent was not entitled to the disability pension.  5 11. Accordingly,   Civil   Appeal   is   allowed.   Impugned   Judgment rd dated 23   December 2010 is hereby set aside. O.A. No.944 of 2010 filed by the respondent stands dismissed. No order as to costs. …………….…………J.           (Abhay S. Oka) …………….…………J.              (M.M. Sundresh) th July 18 , 2022 New Delhi. 6