MUNSHI vs. THE STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH

Case Type: Criminal Appeal

Date of Judgment: 23-03-2023

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1 NON­REPORTABLE IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.911/2023  @ SPECIAL LEAVE PETITION NO. 4639 OF 2018 MUNSHI           .… Appellant Versus STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH                      … Respondent J U D G M E N T Rajesh Bindal, J. 1. The   present   appeal   was   filed   by   three   convicts namely   Kamlesh   Singh,   Vishwaraj   Singh   and   Munshi Singh.   Vide   order   dated   17.05.2018,   the   appeal   qua appellant Nos. 1 and 2 was dismissed and notice was issued only qua appellant No.3, namely, Munshi.  He is the brother of husband of the deceased.   The other two appellants are husband and brother of the deceased.   Signature Not Verified 2. An FIR (Crime Case) No.30 of 1993 was registered Digitally signed by Anita Malhotra Date: 2023.03.24 16:21:02 IST Reason: on   the   complaint   of   Chander   Singh   (PW­1)   son   of Muneshwar Singh stating therein that marriage of his sister 2 Janki Devi (deceased) was solemnised with Kamlesh Singh about four years ago.   Sufficient dowry was given as per their standard.  Immediately after the marriage, family of the husband   started   demanding   a   buffalo   and   a   Vicky   and pressurised her.   She was even beaten up.   His deceased sister had talked to him about this many times.  When he talked to the husband and her in­laws about this, he was abused and pushed out of their house.   They threatened that they will kill her sister.   3. On 27.02.1993, Vishwaraj Singh (brother­in­law of the deceased) said to his brother Shivraj Singh (PW­2) that in case the demand is not met, it will not be good for them.     On   28.02.1993,   having   come   to   know   about   the death of his sister, a complaint was made to the police that she had been killed as the demand of dowry was not met. Charge­sheet was presented. After trial, Kamlesh Singh, the husband,     Vishwaraj   Singh   and   the   present   appellant, brothers­in­law of the deceased, were held guilty of charges under Sections 304B and 498A of the Indian Penal Code, 1860   (for   short   “the   IPC),   and   Section   4   of   the   Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961.   They were convicted and sentenced 3 to undergo 10 years rigours imprisonment under Section 304B, 2 years under Section 498A of the IPC and 2 years rigorous   imprisonment   under   Section   4   of   the   Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961.  In appeal filed before the High Court at Allahabad, the judgment and order of the trial court was upheld and the appeal was dismissed.   4. The   learned   counsel   for   the   appellant   No.3­ Munshi submitted that no case was made out against him as there are no direct allegations regarding his being party to alleged torture of the deceased for demand of dowry. The allegations in the complaint or the evidence led are quite general in nature.   The appellant had been convicted only with the aid of Section 113B of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872   (for   short   “the   Evidence   Act”)   on   presumption. However, that presumption will not be available in the case in hand for the reason that there is no evidence of cruelty or harassment in connection with demand of dowry soon before the death of the sister of the complainant.   The appellant being the brother of husband of the deceased was not going to receive anything, neither the buffalo nor the Vicky.  Even Section   304B   IPC   also   provides   that   any   cruelty   or 4 harassment by the husband or any relative has to be soon before the death.   In fact, the deceased died of consuming poison for which the appellant has nothing to do with in particular.  5. On the other hand, the learned counsel for the State submitted that it is a case of dowry death just four years after the marriage.  A young girl was killed on account of torture for not meeting the demands of greedy in­laws. There   are   specific   allegations   in   the   complaint   and   the evidence led by the prosecution.   The appeal   qua   husband and one of the brother­in­law of the deceased has already been dismissed by this Court and the fate of the present appeal also has to be in the same line as his role is also similar.   6. Heard learned counsel for the parties and perused the relevant referred record.  The cause of death as available from the forensic report is poison.  The allegation in the FIR lodged by the brother of the deceased is that the marriage of his sister was solemnised with Kamlesh Singh about four years prior to the incident.   They were not happy with the dowry and had been making repeated demand of buffalo and 5 a Vicky.   As the same was not fulfilled, the deceased was being   harassed.     They   had   even   misbehaved   with   the complainant when he visited to resolve the issue.  They had even threatened to kill her.   7. It is not in dispute that there is no eye­witness to the   crime.     The   entire   case   of   the   prosecution   rests   on circumstantial   evidence   of   the   prosecution.     Total   four witnesses have been examined by the prosecution.  Chander Singh   (PW­1)   had   stated   that   even   a   day   before   the occurrence when his brother Shivraj Singh (PW­2) had gone to see the parikrama mela, Devgawan, where he met the accused  Vishwaraj Singh,  the  other  brother­in­law  of  the deceased, who reiterated the demand of dowry.  In his entire statement, besides the general allegations that the sister of the   deceased   was   being   harassed   for   not   meeting   their demand of buffalo and a Vicky, the appellant has not been specifically named.   To put the record straight, it is added here   that   Vishwaraj   Singh’s   conviction   has   been   upheld. However, nothing specific has been stated by Chander Singh (PW­1)­the   complainant   to   bring   home   the   guilt   of   the appellant­Munshi for raising presumption as contained in 6 Section 304B IPC read with Section 113B of the Evidence Act.  In his cross­examination, he stated that he had seen his sister 4/5 months before her death.  That means he had not even visited the matrimonial house of the sister on the birth of her daughter who was about two months old at the time   of   incident.     Similarly,   in   the   statement   of   Shivraj Singh, brother of the complainant, the allegations are quite general   in   nature   with   no   specific   allegation   against   the appellant soon before the incident, which is  sine qua non  for invoking presumption under Section 304B IPC and 113B of the Evidence Act.   8. For the reasons mentioned above, in our view, the evidence   produced   on   record   by   the   prosecution   is   not sufficient to uphold the conviction of the appellant­Munshi who   is   brother­in­law   of   the   deceased,   by   raising presumption.   7 9. Accordingly,   the   appeal   is   allowed   and   the judgments and orders passed by the High Court and the Trial Court are set aside with respect to the conviction and sentence of the appellant­Munshi.  Bail bonds submitted by him are cancelled. …………………J.                                                          [Abhay S. Oka] .…………………J.      [Rajesh Bindal] New Delhi  March 23, 2023.