APSRTC vs. K. SATHAIAH

Case Type: Civil Appeal

Date of Judgment: 07-12-2018

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REPORTABLE IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CIVIL APPEAL NO.12242 OF 2018 (ARISING OUT OF SLP (CIVIL) NO.7807 OF 2014)
APSRTC & ORS.<br>Versus.. APPELLANT(S)
SRI K. SATHAIAH..RESPONDENT(S)
J U D G M E N T M.R.SHAH, J. Leave granted. 2. Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment and order dated 11.06.2013 passed by the Division Bench of the High Court of Judicature of Andhra Pradesh at Hyderabad in Writ   Appeal   No.864   of   2013   by   which   the   Division   Bench dismissed the same appeal and confirmed judgment passed by Signature Not Verified Digitally signed by R NATARAJAN Date: 2019.01.25 16:48:29 IST Reason: the   learned   Single   Judge   dated   18.07.2012   in   Writ   Petition 1 No.17541   of   2012   directing   the   appellants   herein–original respondents to extend the benefit of continuity of service to the workman   from   the   date   of   termination   till   the   date   of   re­ engagement except for the period when he was absent and that would be without monetary benefit and that it would be granted only for the purpose of regularization at a later date, the original respondents­   Corporation­employer   have   preferred   the   present appeal. 3. The facts leading to the present appeal are as under : a. That the respondent herein­original writ petitioner was appointed   as   a   contract   driver   and   working   with   the appellant corporation. b. That a departmental enquiry was initiated against him for remaining on unauthorized absence.  c. Following the report of the Enquiry Officer, his services came to be terminated. d. After the dismissal of the departmental appeal, and in the   course   of   the   departmental   review,   the   Divisional Manager issued an order for the re­engagement of the respondent on contract on 06.07.2012.  2 e. After the re­engagement, the respondent invoked the jurisdiction of the High Court under Article 226 of the Constitution of India and prayed for continuity of service together consequential service benefit.  4. The learned Single Judge allowed the petition, holding that the matter   was   not   res   integra   and   was   covered   by   an   earlier judgment of a learned Single Judge dated 29.02.2012 in Writ Petition No.2786 of 2012.  Though on behalf of the Corporation an effort was made to distinguish the earlier decision on the ground that in the present case after full­fledged enquiry has been held, this distinction did not find acceptance by the learned Single Judge.  On the contrary, it was held that in the previous case, the learned Judge had found that the enquiry was not in keeping with the principles of natural justice.  Moreover, in the view of the Single Judge, once the Corporation had granted a largesse in the form of a fresh employment, the workman should not be deprived of the benefit of continuity of service for the limited   purpose   of   regularisation.     Hence,   in   terms   of   the direction in the earlier decision, the petition was disposed of by directing the Corporation to extend the benefit of continuity of 3 service to the workman from the date of termination until the date of  his   reengagement   except  for   the   period   when  he   was absent. This was, however, without any monetary benefit and was directed to count only for regularisation. 5. It is the above order of the learned Single Judge which was affirmed by the Division Bench in a Writ Appeal. 6.   Mr.   Gourab   Banerji,   learned   senior   counsel   appearing   on behalf of the appellants submits that there was a manifest error on the part of both the learned Single Judge and the Division Bench.   In  the  present case,  a  disciplinary  enquiry  was  held against the workman after which an initial decision was taken to terminate him from service.   In a departmental review, he was granted fresh appointment. Neither the termination nor the order granting   him   fresh   appointment   as   a   contract   driver   were challenged.  As a matter of fact, it has also been submitted that in   certain   other   cases,   the   workmen   had   taken   recourse   to proceedings before the Industrial Court but in the present case that was not done.  Be that as it may, the learned Single Judge relied on the earlier decision and issued directions, to govern the entire   batch   of   cases.     This   direction   was   confirmed   by   the 4 Division Bench without having regard to the facts of individual cases. 7. Since the order of the learned Single Judge in the present case,   was   exclusively   based   on   the   earlier   decision   dated 29.02.2012, a copy of that judgment has been placed on the record.   The judgment of the Single Judge indicates that the earlier case also dealt with persons who were working as contract employees who were appointed after a regular selection.  In some cases, termination orders were passed without  an  enquiry  on allegations of misconduct while in other cases, an enquiry was conducted.     The   learned   Single   Judge,   issued   the   following directions in terms as agreed in that case: “(1)   In   cases   where   the   appellate/revisional authority   has   directed   reengagement   of   the contract   employees   as   fresh   employees,   such employees shall be entitled to benefit of continuity of service from the date of termination till the date of   reengagement,   except   for   the   period   during which they were absent, and the said continuity of service granted to the employees shall be without any monetary benefit and shall be counted only for the purpose of regularization at a future date. (2) The continuity of service so ordered in para (1) shall not, however, be counted for the purpose of seniority   and   shall  not  be   allowed   to  affect  the seniority   of   regularly   working   employees   or   for 5 other benefits, but shall be counted only for the purpose   of   considering   their   cases   for regularization. (3) There   are   also   cases   where   the   orders   of termination   are   challenged,   either   before   the appellate/revisional   authorities   or   before   this Court,   after   six   or   seven   years   of   date   of termination.     In   all   such   cases   the   benefit   of continuity of service without any monetary benefit and reengagement so ordered in para (1) shall be available to only to such of those employees who have   approached   the   appellate/revisional authorities or this Court within three years from the date of termination. (4) In   cases   where   appeals/revisions   or   writ petitions are filed after three years of the orders of termination,   it   is   directed   that   the   such petitioner/s shall be considered for re­engagement as fresh contract employee/s, subject to medical fitness and other formalities, but he/they shall not be entitled to continuity of past service as under para(1) above. (5) In   cases   where   contract   employees   have preferred   appeals/revisions,   but   no   orders   have been   passed   therein,   the   appellate/revisional authorities   shall   entertain   and   dispose   of   those appeals/revisions   in   the   light   of   the   directions referred   to   above,   preferably   on   or   before   31st March, 2012. (6) In cases where no enquiry was conducted, the respondent    Corporation shall be free to conduct enquiry   as   per   law   into   the   allegations   of unauthorised absence of its employees from duty or other allegations of misconduct.” 6 8. In the present case, the workman did not choose to assail either the termination of his services following the enquiry or the fresh appointment.   All that was sought was that he should have the benefit of continuity of service from the date of the earlier termination until reengagement. 9. Such a direction could not have been issued by the learned Single Judge without the termination being put into question. The grant of continuity was not sustainable for the simple reason that unless the order of termination and of the fresh appointment were   challenged   and   adjudicated   upon,   seniority   would necessarily have to count with effect from the date of the fresh appointment.   As a matter of first principle, continuity can be granted when an order of termination is set aside, to ensure that there is no hiatus in service. 10. There is another reason why the judgment of the High Court cannot be sustained.   It is common ground that the appellant has recruited personnel like the present respondent on contract after a regular process of selection.   Eventually, the contract employees are to be regularised.  Granting continuity of service 7 to a person such as the respondent, who was found to have committed misconduct, would place him on the same footing as other contractual employees who have a record without blemish. Hence, once a fresh appointment was given to the respondent and   neither   the   termination   nor   the   fresh   engagement   was placed in issue, the grant of continuity of service by the High Court was manifestly misconceived. 11. We may also note that the earlier order of the learned Single Judge   dated   29.02.2012   was   in   a   batch   of   cases,   where termination orders were issued without holding an enquiry in certain cases and after holding an enquiry in others, though in violation of the principles of natural justice.  It was in that view of the   matter   that   the   direction   contained   in   Clause   6   of   the operative   order   provided   that   in   cases   where   no   enquiry   was conducted, the Corporation would be at liberty to conduct an enquiry in accordance with law, on the allegations of misconduct. 12. We find a considerable degree of merit in the submission of learned senior counsel appearing on behalf of the Corporation that in deciding the entire batch of cases by a common order, the 8 learned Single Judge as well as the Division Bench unfortunately lost sight of the facts of each individual case.  13. In view of the facts and circumstances of the case, we allow this appeal and accordingly set aside the impugned judgment and order dated 11.06.2013 of the Division Bench as well as the judgment   and   order   dated   18.07.2012   passed   by   the   learned Single Judge.  14. The seniority of the respondent workman shall be counted  with effect from the date of his fresh appointment in the service of the Corporation.  15. The appeal is accordingly allowed to the aforesaid extent. No costs. ..…………………………..............................J. (DR. DHANANJAYA Y. CHANDRACHUD) …………….……………….............................J. ( M.R. SHAH ) New Delhi, December 07, 2018. 9