DIGI CABLE NETWORK (INDIA) PVT. LTD. vs. UNION OF INDIA

Case Type: Civil Appeal

Date of Judgment: 07-01-2019

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REPORTABLE IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CIVIL APPEAL No.120 OF 2019 (Arising out of S.L.P.(C) No. 33244 of 2015) Digi Cable Network (India) Pvt. Ltd.  ….Appellant(s) VERSUS Union of India & Ors.       ….Respondent(s) WITH CIVIL APPEAL NO.121 OF 2019 (Arising out of S.L.P.(C) No. 33411 of 2015) SCOD 18 Networking Pvt. Ltd.        ….Appellant(s) VERSUS Ministry of Information & Broadcasting & Ors.            ….Respondent(s) Signature Not Verified Digitally signed by ANITA MALHOTRA Date: 2019.01.07 17:40:09 IST Reason:                   1 J U D G M E N T Abhay Manohar Sapre, J. IN CIVIL APPEAL No.120 OF 2019 (Arising out of S.L.P.(C) No. 33244 of 2015) 1. Leave granted. 2. This   appeal   is   directed   against   the   final judgment and order dated 30.10.2015 of the High Court   of   Judicature   at   Bombay   in     Writ   Petition No.58 of 2015   whereby the Division Bench of the High Court dismissed the writ petition filed by the appellant herein.  3. The controversy involved in this appeal lies in a narrow compass as would be clear from the facts stated hereinbelow.  4. By letter dated 12.06.2012  (Annexure P­2) the appellant   was   granted   permission   by   the Government of India under Rule 11C of the Cable 2 Television   Network   (Amendment)   Rules,     2012 (hereinafter referred to as “the Rules”) for operating as   Multi   System     Operator   (MSO)   in   the   Digital Addressable   System   (DAS)   notified   areas   vide notification dated 11.11.2011. 5. This   permission   was,   however,   cancelled   by the   Government   of   India   vide   order   dated 03.09.2014   on   the   ground   that   the   Ministry   of Home   Affairs   has   denied   issuance   of   “security clearance” to the appellant. In other words, since the Ministry of Home Affairs did not grant security clearance to the appellant, the permission initially granted   to   the   appellant   vide   letter   dated 12.06.2012 was cancelled. 6. Challenging the order of cancellation of grant of permission, the appellant filed writ petition before the High Court of Bombay at Mumbai. By impugned order, the High Court dismissed the writ petition 3 and upheld the order of cancellation as being just, legal and proper which has given rise to filing of the present appeal by way of special leave in this Court by the unsuccessful writ petitioner. 7. So, the short question involved in this appeal is   whether   the   High   Court   was   justified   in dismissing   the   appellant's   writ   petition   and,   in consequence, was justified in upholding the order dated 03.09.2014 cancelling the permission which was   granted   to   the   appellant   vide   letter   dated 12.06.2012. 8. Heard Mr. Jay Savla, learned counsel for the appellant and Ms. Pinky Anand, learned ASG for the respondents. 9. It   may   be   mentioned   here   that   Ms.   Pinky Anand,   learned   Additional   Solicitor   General appearing for the  Union  of India­respondent  filed the copy of the reasons in a sealed cover which was 4 made   basis   to   deny   security   clearance   to   the appellant and which led to cancellation/withdrawal of   permission   granted   to   the   appellant.   The document filed is taken on record for perusal. 10. Having   heard   the   learned   counsel   for   the parties and on perusal of the record of the case, we find no merit in this appeal. 11. In our considered opinion, the impugned order of cancellation was passed in conformity with the requirements of Rule 11C of the Rules and hence it was rightly upheld by the High Court in impugned order. 12. Rule 11C was inserted in the Rules with effect from 28.04.2012. Rule 11C(1) reads as under:  “11C. (1) Registration as multi­system operator­(1) On being satisfied that the applicant   fulfils   the   eligibility   criteria specified   under   rule   11B   and   the requirements   of   rule   11A,   the registering   authority   shall,   subject   to the terms  and conditions  specified  in rule   11D   and   the   security   clearance 5 from   the   Central   Government,   issue certificate of registration.” 13. It is clear from mere reading of the Rule 11C(1) that   grant   of   permission   is   subject   to   issue   of security clearance from the Central Government to the applicant (appellant in this case). 14. In this case, admittedly the appellant failed to obtain   the   security   clearance   as   provided   under Rule   11C   of   the   Rules.     It   was   a   mandatory requirement   as   provided   under   Rule   11C   of   the Rules.  Since the grant of permission was subject to obtaining   of   the   security   clearance   from   the concerned   Ministry,   the   competent   authority   was justified in cancelling the conditional permission for want of security clearance.  15. Learned   counsel   for   the   appellant,   however, argued   that   the   appellant   was   not   afforded   any opportunity   of   hearing   before   cancelling   the 6 permission   and,   therefore,   the   impugned cancellation   order   is   rendered   bad   in   law  having been   passed   without   following   the   principle   of natural justice and fair play. We find no merit in this submission. 16. In somewhat similar circumstances, this Court while   repelling   this   submission   laid   down   the following   principles   of   law   in   the   case   of   Ex­ Armymen’s Protection Services Private Limited vs.   Union of India And Others   (2014) 5 SCC 409 in para 16 and 17 which read as under: “16.  What   is   in   the   interest   of   national security   is   not   a   question   of   law.   It   is   a matter of policy. It is not for the court to decide whether something is in the interest of the State or not. It should be left to the executive. To quote Lord Hoffman in  Secy. of State   for   Home   Deptt.   v.   Rehman :   (AC   p. 192C) “…  [in the matter] of national security is not   a   question   of   law.   It   is   a   matter   of judgment and policy. Under the Constitution of   the   United   Kingdom   and   most   other countries, decisions as to whether something 7 is   or   is   not   in   the   interests   of   national security   are   not   a   matter   for   judicial decision.   They   are   entrusted   to   the executive.” 17.  Thus,   in   a   situation   of   national security, a party cannot insist for the strict observance   of   the   principles   of   natural justice. In such cases, it is the duty of the court to read into and provide for statutory exclusion,   if   not   expressly   provided   in   the rules governing the field. Depending on the facts of the particular case, it will however be open   to  the   court  to  satisfy  itself   whether there   were   justifiable   facts,   and   in   that regard, the court is entitled to call for the files and see whether it is a case where the interest of national security is involved. Once the   State   is   of   the   stand   that   the   issue involves national security, the court shall not disclose the reasons to the affected party.” 17. Having perused the note filed by the Union of India, which resulted in cancellation of permission, we are of the considered opinion that in the facts of this case, the appellant was not entitled to claim any prior notice before passing of the cancellation order in question.  18. In other words, we are of the view that the principles of natural justice were not violated in this 8 case in the light of the law laid down by this Court in the case of  Ex­Armymen’s Protection Services  (supra) inasmuch as the appellant Private Limited was  not entitled  to  claim  any  prior  notice  before cancellation of permission. 19. In view of the foregoing discussion, the appeal is found to be devoid of any merit. It is accordingly dismissed.  20. However, the appellant would be at liberty to apply for grant of fresh permission in accordance with law.   IN CIVIL APPEAL NO.121 OF 2019 (Arising out of S.L.P.(C) No. 33411 of 2015) In the light of our detailed order passed in Civil Appeal No. ……………of 2019 @ SLP (C) No. 33244 of 2015, this appeal is also dismissed. 9 2. However, the appellant would be at liberty to apply for grant of fresh permission in accordance with law.  ………...................................J. [ABHAY MANOHAR SAPRE]                           ………..................................J.         [INDU MALHOTRA] New Delhi; January 07, 2019. 10