Syed Mohd. Momin Akhtar vs Saima Faruqi

A.F.R.
HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT ALLAHABAD
LUCKNOW
FIRST APPEAL No. - 119 of 2025
Syed Mohd. Momin Akhtar …..Appellant(s)
Versus
Saima Faruqi …..Respondents(s)
Counsel for Petitioners(s) : Pramod Kumar Shukla, Anshul Pandey,
Ashish Kumar Mishra, Mohd Umar
Counsel for Respondent(s) : Aftab Alam Malik
Court No. - 5
HON’BLE ALOK MATHUR, J.
HON’BLE SYED QAMAR HASAN RIZVI, J.
(Per: Syed Qamar Hasan Rizvi, J.)
1. By means of the present Appeal filed under Section 19 of the Family
Courts Act, 1984, the appellant/husband has assailed the judgment and
order dated 20.05.2025 passed by the learned Additional Principal Judge,
Court No.8, Family Court, Lucknow in Matrimonial Case No. 3872 of
2024 (Syed Mohd. Momin Akhtar Vs. Saima Faruqi) and has also prayed
for declaration of matrimonial status of parties as 'divorced'.
2. The facts of the case in brief, shorn of unnecessary details, are that the
appellant and the respondent are Sunni Muslims, their marriage was
solemnized on 01.02.2022 as per the customs and practices recognized
under the Muslim Personal law.
3. On account of some matrimonial disputes between the spouse / parties
to this appeal, they got separated. The respondent left her matrimonial
house on 12.09.2023 and started residing at her mother's house. Since

2
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
then, the appellant and respondent are living separately. It is the pleaded
that the appellant that he tried his level best to save their marriage, but
all his efforts went in vain as no amicable settlement could have arrived.
Having failed to settle the strife; appellant approached Darul Kaza
Faringi Mahal at Aishbagh ( herein after referred to as 'Darul Kaza') ,
Lucknow and sought it's help towards the settlement of discord through
conciliation between the parties. On the call of Darul Kaza , the
respondent appeared before the same on 22.05.2024 and demanded
Talaq from the appellant. Under such circumstances, the appellant,
having no other option but to resort to Talaq-e-hasan. Accordingly, the
respondent (wife) was conveyed the same by means of three notices, at
an interval of about one month each. The first Talaq notice was sent to
the respondent, through registered post on 22.07.2024, the second notice
on 22.08.2024 and finally the third notice on 25.09.2024. All the said
three notices of Talaq, sent through registered post were duly received
by the respondent. However, during the aforesaid period the respondent
never contacted the appellant nor responded to the said notices in any
manner, whatsoever. Thereafter, the appellant sought opinion from the
Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulema. On specific query regarding the status of
the matrimonial relationship between the parties, Darul Uloom
Nadwatul Ulema , on 07.10.2024 gave the following opinion:
" In the present matter, the matrimonial bond has already come to an end,
and there is no possibility of reconciliation or renewal of Nikah. That is
all"
4. It is stated on behalf of the appellant that he paid Rs. 1,00,000/-
(Rupees one lakh) as Mehar to the respondent.
5. It is pleaded on behalf of the appellant that to get a formal declaration
of the dissolution of marriage / Talaq , he approached the competent
Court of law by preferring a declaratory Suit under Section 7 of the
Family Courts Act, 1984, on 29.10.2024; before the Court of Principal
Judge, Family Court, Lucknow. The said Suit was registered as Case No.
3872 of 2024 (Syed Mohammad Momin Akhtar versus Saima Faruqi).
The respondent submitted her Written Statement on 24.01.2025, inter-
alia admitting the averments made in the plaint. Further, the respondent /

3
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
defendant in her Statement (as DW-1), filed in evidence by way of an
affidavit dated 26.03.2025, showed her willingness for grant of decree
of Talaq.
6. The Court of Learned Additional Principal Judge, Family Court,
Lucknow vide the impugned judgement and order dated 20.05.2025
dismissed the aforesaid Suit on the premise that since neither the
defendant nor any other person had challenged or denied the Talaq given
by the plaintiff, and the plaintiff did not state in the plaint or evidence as
to why such declaration is needed; therefore, the suit being barred by
Section 34 of the Specific Relief Act and Section 20 C.P.C. is liable to be
dismissed.
7. Assailing the impugned judgment and order dated 20.05.2025, the
learned counsel asserted that the learned court below has wrongly
applied the provisions of section 34 of the Specific Relief Act and
Section 20 of the C.P.C. He contended that the plaintiff / appellant did
not file the Suit under section 34 of the Specific Relief Act nor the issue
of jurisdiction or cause of action was involved in the Suit therefore, the
grounds on which the suit has been dismissed is totally baseless,
perverse and unsustainable in law.
8. Learned counsel for the appellant has further contended that the
learned Family Court did not have taken into consideration the
statements of the witnesses wherein both, the appellant as well as the
respondent have admitted the Talaq . It is further contended that the suit
filed by the plaintiff is for declaration of the Talaq which is undisputed
as is evident from the written statement filed by the defendant /
respondent.
9. Vakaltnama on behalf of the respondent has been filed by Sri Aftab
Alam Malik, Advocate. However, there is nothing on record to indicate
that any reply / objection has been filed by him.
10. Heard the learned counsel for the appellant and perused the material
available on record.

4
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
11. For better appreciation of facts, it would be apposite to have a glance
over the law on the subject and principles governing Talaq under
Muslim Personal Law.
12. Section 2 of the Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act,
1937 provides for the application of personal law to Muslims.
Subsequently, the Miscellaneous Personal Laws (Extension) Act, 1959
made it applicable to the whole of India except the State of Jammu and
Kashmir. For ready reference, Section 2 of the Act of 1937 is quoted
herein below:
" Application of personal law to Muslims.-- Notwithstanding any
custom or usage to the contrary, in all questions regarding intestate
succession, special property of females including personal property
inherited or obtained under contract or gift or any other provision of
personal laws, marriage, dissolution of marriage, including talaq, ila,
zihar, lian, khula and mubaraat, maintenance, dower, guardianship,
gifts, trusts and trust properties and wakfs (other than charities and
charitable institutions and charitable and religious endowments), the
rules of decision in cases where the parties are Muslims, shall be the
Muslim Personal Law (Shariat)."
13. A bare reading of the above-quoted provision shows that, in respect
of the dissolution of marriage, the rule of decision in cases where the
parties are Muslims shall be Muslim Personal Law (Shariat). It further,
mentions dissolution of marriage and adds that it will include talaq, ila,
zihar, lian, khula and mubaraat. Talaq and Khula are the terms of
Muslim matrimonial law meaning divorce by men and at the instance of
women respectively, while mubaraat denotes divorce by mutual consent.
It would not be out of place to mention that Ila, zihar and lian are pre-
Islamic customary concepts abolished by Islamic law.
14. Section 5 of the Act of 1937 dealing with the dissolution of marriage
by Court in certain circumstances came to be repealed by the Dissolution
of Muslim Marriage Act, 1939 w.e.f. 17.03.1939. The aim and objective
of the said Act of 1939, as is reflected from the legislation itself is to
clarify the provisions of Muslim Law relating to suits for dissolution of
marriage by women married under Muslim law and to remove doubts as
to the effect of the renunciation of Islam by a married Muslim woman on
her marriage tie.

5
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
15. Under the Muslim Personal Law ( Shariat ); Talaq may be effected by
a husband in any of the following ways:
Modes of talaq:
(i) Talaq-e-ahsan : a single pronouncement of talaq which remains
revocable during the iddat period [about three months].
(ii) Talaq-e-hasan: three single pronouncements of talaq made one after
the other in a course of at least three months.
(iii) Talaq-e-bid'at : a single pronouncement of talaq adding that it is
irrevocable, or three pronouncements made at the same time [repeating
the word talaq thrice or saying teen talaq ]
16. After the coming into force of the Muslim Women (Protection of
Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019 with effect from 31.07.2019, Talaq-e-
bid'at , or any other similar form of Talaq having the effect of an
instantaneous and irrevocable divorce pronounced by a Muslim husband,
has been declared void, illegal, and punishable. For ready reference,
Sections 2(c), 3, and 4 of the Act of 2019 are reproduced herein below:
2. Definitions . In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,
(a) "electronic form" shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in
clause (r) of sub-section (1) of section 2 of the Information Technology
Act, 2000 (21 of 2000);
(b) "Magistrate" means a Judicial Magistrate of the first class exercising
jurisdiction under the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), in
the area where the married Muslim woman resides; and
(c) "talaq" means talaq-e-biddat or any other similar form of talaq having
the effect of instantaneous and irrevocable divorce pronounced by a
Muslim husband.
3. Talaq to be void and illegal . Any pronouncement of talaq by a
Muslim husband upon his wife, by words, either spoken or written or in
electronic form or in any other manner whatsoever, shall be void and
illegal.
4. Punishment for pronouncing talaq . - Any Muslim husband who
pronounces talaq referred to in section 3 upon his wife shall be punished
with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years, and shall
also be liable to fine.
17. Talaq may be effected orally (by spoken words) or by a written
document called Talaq-nama. No particular form of words is prescribed
for effecting a Talaq . If the words are express, or well understood as
implying divorce, no proof of intention is required. If the words are
ambiguous, the intention of the husband to end the marriage has to be
proved. However, under the Shia law, Talaq has to be pronounced using
a particular format in the presence and hearing of a religious functionary
and competent witnesses.

6
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
18. The Hon'ble Supreme Court of India, while dealing with the issue of
rights of Muslim women regarding the dissolution of marriage, in the
case of Shayara Bano versus Union of India, reported in (2017) 9 SCC
1 , has been pleased to lay down the foundational principles governing
the application of Muslim Personal Law to matrimonial matters. For
convenience, the relevant paragraph of the said judgment is quoted here-
in-below:
" 145. A close examination of Section 2, extracted above, leaves no room
for any doubt, that custom and usage, as it existed amongst Muslims,
were sought to be expressly done away with, to the extent the same were
contrary to Muslim Personal Law. Section 2 also mandated, that Muslim
Personal Law (Shariat) would be exclusively adopted as "… the rule of
decision…" in matters of intestate succession, specIal property of
females, including all questions pertaining to "… personal property
inherited or obtained under contract or gift or any other provision of
"Personal Law", marriage, dissolution of marriage, including talaq, ila,
zihar, lian, khula and mubaraat, maintenance, dower, gifts, trusts and
trust properties, and wakfs…". Section 3 added to the above list, "…
adoption, wills and legacies…", subject to the declaration expressed in
Section 3."
…………
.…………
291 . If the Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act, 1937, had
incorporated the manner in which questions regarding intestate
succession, special property of females including personal property
inherited or obtained under contract or gift or matters such as marriage,
dissolution of marriage, including talaq, ila, zihar, lian, khula and
mubaraat, maintenance, dower, guardianship, gifts, trusts and trust
properties, and wakfs (as in Section 2 thereof), had to be dealt with, as
per Muslim Personal Law—"Shariat" according to the petitioners, it
would be quite a different matter. All the same, the Shariat Act did not
describe how the above questions and subjects had to be dealt with. And,
therefore, for settlement of disputes amongst Muslims, it would need to
be first determined what the Muslim Personal Law, with reference to the
disputation, was. Whatever it was, would in terms of Section 2 of the
1937 Act, constitute "the rule of decision". "
19. In view of the above it is abundantly clear that Talaq is an expressly
recognised and valid mode of dissolution of marriage under Muslim
Personal Law. The Talaq may take place as an extra-judicial divorce and
is complete the moment the husband pronounces divorce in accordance
with the recognized mode as prescribed under the Muslim Personal Law
. ( Shariat ).
20. The Family Courts Act, 1984 confers jurisdiction upon the Family
Court to entertain suits and proceedings of the nature referred to in the

7
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
Explanation appended to Section 7. For ready reference the same is
quoted herein below:
.
"7. Jurisdiction.-
(1) Subject to the other provisions of this Act, a Family Court shall-
(a) have and exercise all the jurisdiction exercisable by any district court
or any subordinate civil court under any law for the time being in force in
respect of suits and proceedings of the nature referred to in the
Explanation; and
(b) be deemed, for the purposes of exercising such jurisdiction under
such law, to be a district court or, as the case may be, such subordinate
civil court for the area to which the jurisdiction of the Family Court
extends.
Explanation.-
The suits and proceedings referred to in this sub-section are suits and
proceedings of the following nature, namely:-
(a) a suit or proceeding between the parties to a marriage for a decree of
nullity of marriage (declaring the marriage to be null and void or, as the
case may be, annulling the marriage) or restitution of conjugal rights or
judicial separation or dissolution of marriage;
(b) a suit or proceeding for a declaration as to the validity of a marriage
or as to the matrimonial status of any person;
(c) a suit or proceeding between the parties to a marriage with respect to
the property of the parties or of either of them;
(d) a suit or proceeding for an order or injunction in circumstances
arising out of a marital relationship;
(e) a suit or proceeding for a declaration as to the legitimacy of any
person;
(f) a suit or proceeding for maintenance;
(g) a suit or proceeding in relation to the guardianship of the person or
the custody of, or access to, any minor.
(2) Subject to the other provisions of this Act, a Family Court shall also
have and exercise-
(a) the jurisdiction exercisable by a Magistrate of the First Class under
Chapter IX (relating to order for maintenance of wife, children and
parents) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974); and
(b) such other jurisdiction as may be conferred on it by any other
enactment."
21. The High Court of Kerala at Ernakulam, in the case of Asbi K.N
versus Hashim M.U., reported in 2021 SCC OnLine Ker 3945 , has
laid down comprehensive guidelines for the Family Court's role in cases
of extra-judicial divorce. In Paragraph 4 of the said judgment, the Court
has been pleased to hold:
" 4. The Division Bench of this Court in X v. Y
(2021 (2) KHC 709) has held that the Family
Court in exercise of the jurisdiction under
Explanation (d) of S.7 of the Act is competent to
endorse an extrajudicial divorce to declare the
marital status of a person. It was made clear in

8
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
the said judgment that in the matter of unilateral
dissolution of marriage invoking khula and talaq ,
the scope of enquiry before the Family Court is
limited and in such proceedings, the Court shall
record the khula or talaq to declare the marital
status of the parties after due notice to other
party. In the matter of mubaraat , the Family
Court shall declare the marital status without
further enquiry on being satisfied that the
dissolution was effected on mutual consent. It
was observed that such matter shall be disposed
treating it as uncontested matter without any
delay by passing a formal order declaring the
marital status. It was further held that if any
person wants to contest the effectiveness of khula
or talaq , it is open for such person to contest the
same in appropriate manner known under the law.
5. The unilateral extrajudicial divorce under
Muslim Personal law is complete when either of
the spouse pronounce/declare talaq, talaq-e-
tafweez or khula , as the case may be, in
accordance with Muslim Personal Law. So also
extrajudicial divorce by mubaarat mode is
complete as and when both spouses enter into
mutual agreement. The seal of the Court is not
necessary to the validity of any of these modes of
extra judicial divorce. The endorsement of
extrajudicial divorce and consequential
declaration of the status of the parties by the
Family Court invoking S.7(d) of the Act is
contemplated only to have a public record of the
extrajudicial divorce. Hence, detailed enquiry is
neither essential nor desirable in a proceeding
initiated by either of the parties to endorse an
extrajudicial divorce and to declare the marital
status. The Family Court has to simply ascertain
whether a valid pronouncement/declaration
of talaq or khula was made and it was preceded
by effective attempt of conciliation. In the case
of khula , it has to be further ascertained whether
there was an offer by the wife to return the
" dower ". It could be ascertained by perusal of the
recitals in talaq nama/khula nama or its
communication (if it is in writing) or by
recording the statement of the parties. No further
enquiry as in the case of an adversarial litigation
like chief examination and cross-examination of
the parties are not at all contemplated in such a
proceedings. If the Court is prima facie satisfied
that there was valid pronouncement
of talaq/khula/talaq-e-tafweez , it shall endorse
the same and declare the status of the parties. In
the case of mubaarat , if the Court is prima facie
satisfied that mubaarat agreement has been
executed and signed by both parties, it shall
endorse the same and declare the status of the
parties. The Court shall pass formal order
declaring the marital status without any delay. If

9
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
any of the parties want to challenge the
extrajudicial divorce by talaq, khula, mubaarat
or talaq-e-tafweez mode, he/she is free to
challenge the same in accordance with law in
appropriate forum. The declaration granted by the
Family Court u/s 7(d) endorsing the extrajudicial
divorce shall be subject to the final outcome of
such proceedings, if any. We consider it desirable
to formulate the following guidelines to be
followed by the Family Court in a petition filed
u/s 7(d) of the Act to endorse an extrajudicial
divorce under Muslim Personal Law and to
declare the marital status of the parties to the
marriage.
(i) On receipt of the petition, the Family Court shall issue notice to the
respondent.
(ii) After service of summons or appearance of the respondent, as the
case may be, the Family Court shall formally record the statement of
both parties. The parties shall also be directed to produce talaq
nama/ khula nama (if pronouncement/declaration is in writing) /mubaarat
agreement.
(iii) The Family Court shall thereafter on perusal of the recitals in talaq
nama/khula nama/ communication of talaq, khula or talaq-e-tafweez (if
available) and the statement of the parties, ascertain whether there was
valid pronouncement of talaq/khula/talaq-e-tafweez. In the case
of mubaarat , the Family Court shall ascertain whether the parties have
executed and signed mubaarat agreement.
(iv) On prima facie satisfaction that there was valid pronouncement
of talaq, khula, talaq-e-tafweez , as the case may be, or valid execution
of mubaarat agreement, the Family Court shall proceed to pass order
endorsing the extrajudicial divorce and declaring the status of the parties
without any further enquiry.
(v) The enquiry to be conducted by the Family Court shall be summary
in nature treating it as an uncontested matter.
(vi) The Family Court shall dispose of the petition within one month of
the appearance of the respondent. The period can be extended for valid
reasons.
(vii) If any of the parties is unable to appear at the Court personally, the
Family Court shall conduct enquiry using video conferencing facility."
22. In the present case, the facts that stands admitted and undisputed
between the parties are that the marriage between the appellant and the
respondent was solemnized on 01.02.2022 as per the practice recognized
under the Muslim Personal Law. However, on account of matrimonial
discord, the parties started living separately since 12.09.2023.
23. The appellant made efforts for reconciliation through Darul Kaza,
Faringi Mahal, but the same could not materialize. The respondent /
defendant on the call of the Darul Kaza, Faringi Mahal, at Lucknow,
appeared and demanded Talaq. Accordingly, the appellant sent three
separate Talaq notices dated 22.07.2024, 22.08.2024 and 25.09.2024

10
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
through registered post, the same were duly received by the respondent /
defendant. Thereafter, the appellant, to ensure his matrimonial status
pursuant to the said exercise of Talaq ; sought opinion from the Darul
Uloom Nadwatul Ulema. In response to the same the Darul Uloom
Nadwatul Ulema on 07.10.2024 gave a categorical opinion / Fatwa that
"In the present matter, the matrimonial bond has already come to an
end, and there is no possibility of reconciliation or renewal of Nikah".
24. It is also to be noted that the defendant / respondent apart from the
facts as narrated above has also not denied the receipt of amount of Rs.
1,00,000/- as Mehar.
25. From a bare perusal of the Written Statement dated 24.01.2025 filed
by the defendant / respondent (Annexure-4) it is abundantly clear that
she did not dispute the factum of Talaq nor did she contested the case by
disputing the averments made in the plaint. Rather, in paragraph 16 of
the same, she not only accepted the claim of the appellant / plaintiff but
had stated to the extent that she has no objection if a decree is passed in
the Suit. For better appreciation of the case, the contents of the
aforementioned Written Statement is reproduced herein below:
" प्रति वातिन
न वा
द्वारााति ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करतिय गय ाव ो पढ़करपढ़र
ठ
स सम तिल किये गये दावे को पढ़करयाह तिसाप्रस्रवारवाब निम्न है तिनम्नह :-
1. यहति वा प्र
धारा 1 सह
ह।
2. यहति वा प्र
धारा 2 वाब निम्न है
आवश्यक्ानह
ं
ह ।
3. यहति वा प्र
धारा 3 वाब निम्न है
आवश्यक्ानह
ं
ह ।
4. यहति वा प्र
धारा 4 सह
ह।अः धारा धारा 4 स्व
ार
ह ।
5. यहति वा प्र
धारा 5 वाब निम्न है
आवश्यक् नह
ं
ह ।
6. यहति वा प्र
धारा 6 सह
ह थातिस
भ
ति(प्पण

आवश्यक्ानह
ंह।
7. यहति वा प्र
धारा 7 सह
हैं।मैंप्रतिवातिन
महर

रमरू ए ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा रूपय वा
स प्राप् र
0 1,00,000/- ( )
चु

हूँ।
8. यहति वा प्र
धारा 8 सह
हैं।वा
वप्रतिवातिन

ो पढ़करई सन्तान नहीं है।सन्ाननह
ंह।
9. यहति वा प्र
धारा 9 सह
हैंतिसपरतिस
भ

ति(प्पण

आवश्यक्ानह
ंह।
10. यहति वा प्र
धारा 10 सह
ह।प्रतिवातिन

म ान्ाअस्पाल किये गये दावे को पढ़करम4 नौर
र
ह थामु प्रतिवातिन

ो पढ़करभ
ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा
ति6्र

आवश्यक्ाह।

11
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
11. यहति वा प्र
धारा 11 वाब निम्न है
आवश्यक्ा
नह
ंह।
12. यहति वा प्र
धारा 12 वाब निम्न है
आवश्यक्ा
नह
ंह।
यहति वा प्र
धारा वाब निम्न है
आवश्यक्ा
13. 13
नह
ंह।
14. यहति वा प्र
धारा 14 वाब निम्न है
आवश्यक्ा
नह
ंह।
15. यहति वा प्र
धारा 15 वाब निम्न है
आवश्यक्ा
नह
ंह।
16. यहति वा
उपरो पढ़करक् वा ो पढ़करस्व
ारर हुएउक्
वा म4 ति6 ्र
पातिर
ा
ह ो पढ़करमु प्रतिवातिन
ो पढ़कर
ो पढ़करई सन्तान नहीं है।आपति8 नह
ंह। "
26. Further, in her statement on oath as DW-1, in evidence, she not only
accepted the Talaq but herself prayed for a decree of divorce. For ready
reference, relevant extract of the aforesaid Statement is quoted herein
below:
" म रातिनाहवा
साथतिनां 01.02.2022 ो पढ़कर
मुतिस्ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करमसुन्न
र
ति तिरवा अनुसारघरवाल किये गये दावे को पढ़करों एवंएवं

तिरश् ारों एवं
उपतिस्थति म4 नप ल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर नऊ में सम्पन्नम4 सम्पन्न
ाह पश्चा मैंतिवाहो पढ़कररवा
घर
हुआथा।तिन
भवनसं 0 432/55-4 ए /2 म्पब निम्न है ल किये गये दावे को पढ़कररो पढ़कर6 , न्यूतिवद्या
ए 6म
सामन , ल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर नऊ में सम्पन्नगई सन्तान नहीं है।औरब निम्न है ौरपत्न
वा

साथरहन ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करग
।शा
ुछ समय बाद हमारेसमयब निम्न है ा हमार
तिवचारम ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करन ान ारणआपस
तिरश् राब निम्न है हो पढ़करन
ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करग ।ब निम्न है ा ज़्यााब निम्न है ढ़
ो पढ़करमैंतिनां 12.09.2023 ो पढ़कर
वा
ो पढ़करछ समय बाद हमारेो पढ़करड़रअपन माय चल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर
गई सन्तान नहीं है।ब निम्न है स मैं
अपन माय म4 रहरह
हूँ।ारूल किये गये दावे को पढ़करज़ाफरंग
महल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर
ऐशब निम्न है ागल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर नऊ में सम्पन्नम4 ब निम्न है ड़ ब निम्न है ुुगो पढ़करFं ब निम्न है
चतिनां

22.05.2024 , मैंन उसब निम्न है ठ म4 वा

ो पढ़करए ब निम्न है ठ हुई सन्तान नहीं है।
पासान स साफमनारतियाऔर ूब निम्न है सो पढ़करच
सम रवा
स ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा
माँग
।
ब निम्न है वा
ो पढ़करइसब निम्न है ा ाय
नहो पढ़करगयाति मैंउस
साथरहन
तिल किये गये दावे को पढ़करय यारनह
ंहूँो पढ़करवा
न इस्ल किये गये दावे को पढ़कराम
शर
य म4 ब निम्न है ाएगय " ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा हसन "
र
ति ो पढ़कर
अपना हुएमु ए ए माह अंराल किये गये दावे को पढ़करपरल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा

नतिल किये गये दावे को पढ़करति नो पढ़करति(स4 रतिस्(6F 6ा द्वाराभ
।
वा
द्वाराए ए माह अंराल किये गये दावे को पढ़करपरभ
गई सन्तान नहीं है।
ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा

नों एवंनो पढ़करति(सों एवंो पढ़करमैंन प्राप् रतिल किये गये दावे को पढ़करया

थामु वा
द्वारा
गई सन्तान नहीं है।ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा स्व
ारभ
ह।मैं
तिन ाहम4 यशुामहर
रमरू० 1,00,000/- ( ए
ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा रूपय ) वा

स पहल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर ह
प्राप् रचु
हूँ।
हमार
ो पढ़करई सन्तान नहीं है।संाननह
ंह।मुो पढ़करभ
मानन
य
न्यायाल किये गये दावे को पढ़करयस ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा
ति6्र

आवश्याह।
मानन
यन्यायाल किये गये दावे को पढ़करयद्वारावा
साथमरातिनाह
ति नां 01.02.2022 ो पढ़करतिवघति( र हुय ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा

घो पढ़करषणात्म आज्ञतिप् पातिर तियाानान्यायतिह म4
उतिच ह। "
27. As is available on record (Annexure-2); the opinion / fatwa accorded
by the Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulema, Lucknow, also certified the Talaq

12
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
in question as complete and final. It would not be out of place to mention
here that although fatwa is not a verdict of any kind but just an expert
opinion based on classical sources. The opinion is being sought and the
reply is being given to the best of knowledge and belief of the person or
body consulted. The Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulema, Lucknow a widely
recognized muslim seminary maintains a department known as Dar-ul-
Ifta staffed by experts in religious laws who answer all sorts of queries
believed to be of religious significance, their replies / opinions being
popularly known as fatwa .
28. The admission made by the respondent / defendant in the Written
Statement and in her own affidavit filed as DW-1 in evidence, leaves no
room to disbelieve the factum of Talaq.
29. It is trite in law that admission, if clear, are by far the best proof of
the facts admitted. Admission in pleadings or judicial admission, if
admissible, made by the parties stand on a higher footing even that an
evidentiary admission and the court can very well pass an order on the
basis of an undisputed admission of a party in accordance with law. On
an admission of facts either made in the pleadings or otherwise, whether
orally or in writing, the court at any stage of the proceeding may make
such order or give such judgment as it may think fit, having regard to
such admission.
30. Upon careful reading of the impugned judgment and order, this
Court finds that the learned Family Court although found the factum of
Talaq between the parties, proved and also recorded categorical finding
that the respondent / defendant did not have challenged the Talaq and
has admitted the claims of the appellant / plaintiff as have been made in
the plaint; yet dismissed the Suit on the premise that since, neither the
respondent nor any other person had denied or challenged the Talaq , nor
the appellant / plaintiff has disclosed in the plaint that what necessitated
him to seek declaratory decree of Talaq, as such, the court is not
competent to pass decree under Section 34 of the Specific Relief Act

13
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
read with Section 20 C.P.C. The relevant part of the impugned
judgement and order is extracted herein below for convenience:-
" प्रति वातिन

ओरस वाब निम्न है ावााग सं० ए -8 प्रस् ु

र हुएहागयाह ।
उभयपL अतिभवचनों एवं आधारपरतिनाँ 10.02.2025 ो पढ़करतिनम्नतिल किये गये दावे को पढ़करति वा
तिब निम्न है न् ुतिवरतिच तिय गयः धारा
-
1. क्याउभयपL मध्यहुआल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा तिवतिधमान्यह ?
2. अनु ो पढ़करष ?
वा

ओरस स्वयंासाLयशपथप्रप
० 6ब्ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करू 0-1 रूपम4 ाग सं०
ए -11 ो पढ़करप्रावल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर
पराति ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करतियागयाह।
प्रति वातिन

ओरस स्वयंासाLयशपथप्र6
० 6ब्ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करू 0-2 रूपम4
ाग सं० ए ो पढ़कराति ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करतियागयाह।
-13
वा

ओरस स्ाव
साLय रूपम4 ाग सं० स
-4/4 ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करगाय स
-
4/14 प्रप ्रों एवं
फो पढ़कर(ो पढ़करप्रतियाँप्रावल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर
पराति ल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर
गय
हैं।
प्रति वातिन

ओरस स्ाव
साLय रूपम4 स्वयं आधारा6F
फो पढ़कर(ो पढ़करप्रति ाग सं० स
-9/2 ो पढ़करप्रावल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर
पराति ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करतियागयाह।
मैंन उभयपL तिवद्वानतिवतिध सल किये गये दावे को पढ़कराहारो पढ़करसुनाथाप्रावल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर
ा
पतिरश
ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करनतिया।
नि स्तारण वाद बिन्दु संख्यावाद बिन्दु संख्यानि
न्द बिन्दु संख्याु संख्यासंख्या -1
वा तिब निम्न है न्ुसं 0-1 इसआशय तिवरतिच तियागयाह ति - क्याउभयपL मध्य
हुआ ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा तिवतिधमान्यह ?
वा
द्वाराअपन वा प्रम4 थनतियागयाह ति उसातिनाहप्रतिवातिन

साथतिनां 01.02.2022 ो पढ़करमुतिस्ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करमसुन्न
र
ति तिरवा अनुसारसम्पन्न
हुआथा , तिन ाह पश्चा प्रतिवातिन
तिवाहो पढ़कररवा
घरआई सन्तान नहीं है।और
ब निम्न है ौरपत्न
रहन ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करग
।वा
न प्रतिवातिन
ा ान प
न रहन वरूर

हरच
ाउतिच इंामतिया।शा
ुछ समय बाद हमारेसमयब निम्न है ा वा
व

प्रति वातिन
तिवचारमल किये गये दावे को पढ़करन ान ारणआपस
तिरश् राब निम्न है हो पढ़करन ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करग और
ध
र ध
र प्रतिवातिन
ाव्यवहारवा
प्रति गरतिम्मारानाव्रूरहो पढ़कर
गया।प्रति वातिन
तिनां 12.09.2023 ो पढ़करवा
ो पढ़करछ समय बाद हमारेो पढ़करड़रअपन माय चल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर

गई सन्तान नहीं है। ब निम्न है स प्रतिवातिन
अपन माय म4 रहरह
ह।वा
न प्रतिवातिन
ो पढ़कर
वापसल किये गये दावे को पढ़करान
हरमुमतिनो पढ़करतिशश
ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करतिनारूल किये गये दावे को पढ़कराफरंग
महल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर
ऐशब निम्न है ागल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर नऊ में सम्पन्नम4 ब निम्न है ड़ ब निम्न है ुुगो पढ़करFं ब निम्न है
चतिनां 22.05.2024 ो पढ़करहुई सन्तान नहीं है।ब निम्न है ठ म4
प्रति वातिन
न वा
पासआन स साफमनारतियाऔरवा
स ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा

माँग
।इसतिल किये गये दावे को पढ़करय वा
न इस्ल किये गये दावे को पढ़कराम
शर
य म4 ब निम्न है ाएगय ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा हसन
र
ति
ो पढ़करअपना हुए 2 गवाहों एवं
मौूग
म4 अपन पूर हो पढ़करशवहवासम4 तिब निम्न है नातिस

ो पढ़कररवब निम्न है ावनााय 4 तिनां ो पढ़करप्रथमल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा
नो पढ़करति(स
22.07.2024
रति स्(6F 6ा (EU389237556IN) द्वाराप्रति वातिन
ो पढ़करभ
।ए माहा
समयब निम्न है
ान ब निम्न है ा वा
न तिनां 22.8.2024 ो पढ़करप्रतिवातिन
ो पढ़कर्तिव
य
ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा
नो पढ़करति(सरतिस्(6F 6ा (EU249507345IN) द्वाराभ
।वा
न
प्रति वातिन
ो पढ़करउपरो पढ़करक् र
ति अनुसरणम4 तिनां 25.09.2024 ो पढ़करृ
य
ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा
नो पढ़करति(सरतिस्(6F 6ा (EU532231755IN) द्वाराभ
।वा
द्वारा
ए ए माह अंराल किये गये दावे को पढ़करपरभ
गई सन्तान नहीं है।ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा

नों एवंनो पढ़करति(सों एवंो पढ़करप्रतिवातिन

न प्राप् रतिल किये गये दावे को पढ़करयाह।वा
तिनाहम4 यशुामहर
रमरू 0 1,00,000/-
( ए ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा रूपय ) प्रति वातिन
ो पढ़करपहल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर ह
अारचुाह।मुतिस्ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करमर
ति
तिरवा अनुसारवा
एवंप्रतिवातिन
मध्यल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा सम्ब निम्न है न्धम4 मF

ारूल किये गये दावे को पढ़करानवुल किये गये दावे को पढ़करउल किये गये दावे को पढ़करमाल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर नऊ में सम्पन्न
रायफवा रूपम4 ल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर
गई सन्तान नहीं है।ह।

14
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
प्रति वा
द्वाराउक् सभ
थ्यों एवंो पढ़करअपन प्रतिवा प्रम4 स्व
ारतिया गया
ह ।
उभयपL द्वाराप
० 6ब्ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करू 0-1 व6
० 6ब्ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करू 0-1 रूपम4 भ
उक् थ्य य ो पढ़करस्व
ार
ति यागयाह।
्नुसारवा तिब निम्न है न्ुसं० 1 तिनस् ातिर तियाााह।
नि स्तारण वाद बिन्दु संख्यावाद बिन्दु संख्यानि
न्द बिन्दु संख्याु संख्यासंख्या -2
ु
वा तिब निम्न है न् संख्या -2 इसआशय ातिवरतिच तियागयाह ति -
अनु ो पढ़करष ?
वा तिब निम्न है न्ुसं० तिनष्षF स यहतिसT ह ति वा
न इस्ल किये गये दावे को पढ़कराम
शर
य म4 ब निम्न है ाए
1
गय ' 2 गवाहों एवं
मौूग
म4 अपन पूर
ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा हसन
र
ति ो पढ़करअपना हुए
हो पढ़करशवहवासम4 तिब निम्न है नाति स
ो पढ़कररवब निम्न है ावनााय तिनां 22.07 2024 ो पढ़कर
प्रथम ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा
नो पढ़करति(सरतिस्(6F 6ा (EU389237556IN) द्वारा प्रति वातिन
ो पढ़करभ
।ए माहासमयब निम्न है
ान ब निम्न है ा वा
न तिनां 22.8.2024 ो पढ़कर
प्रति वातिन
ो पढ़कर्तिव
यल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा
नो पढ़करति(सरतिस्(6F 6ा (EU249507345IN)
द्वाराभ
।वा
न प्रतिवातिन
ो पढ़करउपरो पढ़करक् र
ति अनुसरणम4 तिनां
25.09.2024 ो पढ़करृ
यल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा
नो पढ़करति(सरतिस्(6F 6ा (EU532231755IN)
द्वाराभ
।वा
द्वाराए ए माह अंराल किये गये दावे को पढ़करपरभ
गई सन्तान नहीं है।ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा

नों एवं
नो पढ़करति(सों एवं ो पढ़करप्रतिवातिन
न प्राप् रतिल किये गये दावे को पढ़करयाह।वा
तिनाहम4 यशुामहर

रमरू ए ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा रूपय प्रति वातिन
ो पढ़करपहल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर ह
अार
0 1,00,000/- ( )
चु ाह।मुतिस्ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करमर
ति तिरवा अनुसारवा
एवंप्रतिवातिन
मध्य ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा
सम्ब निम्न है न्धम4 मF
ारूल किये गये दावे को पढ़करानवुल किये गये दावे को पढ़करउल किये गये दावे को पढ़करमाल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर नऊ में सम्पन्न
रायफवा
रूपम4 ल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर
गई सन्तान नहीं है।ह।
प्रति वातिन
द्वाराउसथ्यो पढ़करस्व
ारतियागयाह।यहाँयहउल्ल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर न
यह
ति तिवतिनFतिष्( अनुो पढ़करषअतिधतिनयम
धारा -34 घो पढ़करषणा संब निम्न है ंधम4 न्यायाल किये गये दावे को पढ़करय
ो पढ़कर तिवव ातिधारप्रानराह।यहअतिधारब निम्न है प्राप् हो पढ़कराह ब निम्न है ति ो पढ़करई सन्तान नहीं है।
व्यतिक् ति स
व्यतिक् तिस
हतिसय याअतिधारपरउस ह ा
प्रत्याख्यान राह याप्रत्याख्यानरन म4 तिहब निम्न है T हो पढ़कर।प्रस्ु प्ररणम4
ति स
प्रतिवातिन
अथवा ति स
अन्यव्यतिक् द्वारावा
द्वारातिएगएल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा

ो पढ़करचुनौ
नह
ं
गय
ह नाह
उस अस्व
ारतियागयाहैं।वा
द्वाराअपन
वा प्रअथवासाLयम4 यहउल्ल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर नह
ंतियागयाह ति उस इसउ्घो पढ़करषणा
-34 तिवतिनFति ष्( अनुो पढ़करष

आवश्याक्यों एवंहुई सन्तान नहीं है।।अः धारा चूंति प्रस्ु वा धारा
अतिधतिनयमवधारा -20 स
० प
० स
० स ब निम्न है ातिध ह , वा
तिस
अनुो पढ़करषो पढ़करप्राप्
रन ाअतिधार
नह
ंह।वा
द्वाराप्रस्ु वा ब निम्न है ाव ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा उ्घो पढ़करषणा
तिनरस् तिय ान यो पढ़करग्यह।
आद बिन्दु संख्याेश
वा
द्वाराप्रस्ु वा ब निम्न है ाव ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करा उ्घो पढ़करषणातिनरस् तियाााह।
प ्रावल किये गये दावे को पढ़कर
तिनयमानुसाराति ल किये गये दावे को पढ़करफ्र
ाए।
"
31. The extra-judicial divorce under Muslim Personal Law by way of
Talaq is complete when the spouse pronounces Talaq in the manner as
prescribed under the Muslim Personal Law ( Shariat ). The endorsement
of extra-judicial divorce and the consequential declaration of the marital-
status of the parties by the Family Court invoking Section 7(b) of the
Family Courts Act,1984 is contemplated only to have a public record of
the extra-judicial divorce. The Family Court has to simply ascertain
whether a valid pronouncement of Talaq was made in accordance with

15
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
the applicable law. No further enquiry, as in the case of adversarial
litigation, is at all contemplated in such proceedings. It bears emphasis
that proceedings for declaration instituted under Section 7 of the Family
Court Act, 1984 wherein a party approaches the competent Court,
seeking declaration of matrimonial status and the other side chooses not
to dispute the claim made there under, the Court on being prima-facie
satisfied that valid pronouncement of Talaq as per the applicable law has
been effected, it may endorse the same and declare the marital-status of
the parties accordingly, by treating the same as uncontested proceedings,
without adhering to the rigorous procedure attendant upon adversarial
litigation. Nothing herein shall preclude any aggrieved party from
challenging the validity of an extra judicial divorce by Talaq in
appropriate proceeding in accordance with law, before the Court having
jurisdiction. Any declaration granted by the Family Court under Section
7(b) or Section 7(d) endorsing such extra-judicial divorce shall remain
subject to the final adjudication of any such challenge, if preferred. It
would not be out of place to observe that the said provision reflects the
legislative intent to address a significant societal need: that every
member of a civilised society is entitled to have a clear and definite
marital status, particularly where such status arises from the applicable
personal laws or through recognised and accepted customary practices.
In such circumstances, judicial endorsement of marital status is not
merely desirable but, in appropriate circumstances, imperative.
32. Under the given facts and circumstances as narrated herein above,
this court finds that although the learned Family Court, recorded
categorical finding that the Talaq-e-hasan between the parties is proved
and also the same is undisputed as the respondent / defendant has not
denied the facts either in evidence or in her written statement; yet
dismissed the suit on totally misplaced and unwarranted grounds, thus
the impugned judgment and order dated 20.05.2025 is liable to be set-
aside being perverse and unsustainable in law.

16
FAPL No. 119 of 2025
33 . In view of the peculiar facts of the present case and the law as
narrated herein above, this Court is of the considered opinion that when
the Court of learned Additional Principal Judge, Family Court, Lucknow
was satisfied with the validity or otherwise of the Talaq and there was no
contest on the subject matter between the parties concerned rather the
defendant / respondent herself expressed willingness for a decree of
divorce / Talaq ; the learned Family Court ought to have declare the
matrimonial status of the parties as 'divorced'.
34. Finding the Suit for declaration filed by the appellant / plaintiff
cognizable under the provisions of Section 7 of the Family Courts Act,
1984, and the prayer made by the appellant for declaration of his
matrimonial status on the basis of the Talaq recognized under the
Muslim Personal Law ( Shariat ) well-founded in law; further, there is no
dispute or challenge from the side of the respondent / defendant and the
parties are living separately with no sign of reconciliation, this Court is
satisfied that the said Talaq in question is liable to be endorsed by this
Court.
ORDER

1. The appeal is allowed . The impugned judgment and order dated
20.05.2025 passed by the Court of learned Additional Principal Judge,
Court No.8, Family Court, Lucknow in Matrimonial Case No.3872 of
2024 is hereby set-aside .
2. The suit for declaration preferred by the plaintiff / appellant having
Case No.3872 of 2024 is hereby decreed .
3 . The matrimonial-status of the parties, as prayed for, is hereby declared
divorced .
(Syed Qamar Hasan Rizvi,J.)(Alok Mathur,J.)
July 03, 2026
Arun
Digitally signed by :-
ARUN KUMAR
High Court of Judicature at Allahabad,
Lucknow Bench