Sathya @ Pammalsathya vs The State Rep. by, The Inspector of Police
- Court
- Madras High Court
Crl.O.P.No.30233 of 2026
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
DATED: 29.10.2026
CORAM:
THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE G.K.ILANTHIRAIYAN
Crl.O.P.No.30233 of 2026
CNR: {HCMA012480762026}
1. Sathya @ Pammalsathya
S/o Babu,
No.39, Thiruvalluvar Street,
Pammal, Chennai.
2. Madhan @ Kulla Madhan
S/o Kandipan,
No.3/2, Lakshmipuram,, Nagalkeni,
Chennai.
..Petitioner(s)
Vs
The State Rep. By,
The Inspector of Police
T-4, Sankar Nagar Police Station,
Chennai.
..Respondent(s)
PRAYER: Criminal Original Petition is filed under Section 528 of the
Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, to call for the records in
Crl.MP.No.5708 of 2025 pending investigation on the file of the Respondent in
Crime No.185 of 2025 and to examine the same and to set aside the order
passed in the trial Court and the Special Public Prosecutor the trial court and
the Special Public Prosecutor Crl.M.P.No.5708 of 2025 dated 12.09.2025.
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Crl.O.P.No.30233 of 2026
For Petitioner(s): Mr. S. Karthikeyan
For Mr. S.Kasirajan
For Respondent(s): Mr. A Amarnath
Additional Public Prosecutor
ORDER
This petition has been filed challenging the order dated
12.09.2025 passed by the learned Principal Special Judge under the EC &
NDPS Act, Chennai, in Crl.M.P.No.5708 of 2025, thereby extending the period
of investigation for filing the final report in Crime No.185 of 2025.
2. The case of the prosecution is that, based on secret information,
the respondent conducted a search on 11.09.2025 and found that the petitioners
and other accused persons were in possession of 13 numbers of LSD stamps
weighed 0.140 grams and 60 number of Nitravet Tablets in the two wheeler in
which they were travelling. Hence the respondent registered the FIR in Crime
No.185 of 2025 for the offence punishable under Sections 8(c), 20(b)(ii)(C),
29(1) & 25 of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985,
(hereinafter referred to as “NDPS Act”). After registration of FIR, all the
accused persons were arrested and remanded to judicial custody on
25.03.2025. Thereafter, the respondent could not able to file final report within
a period of 180 days as stipulated under the NDPS Act.
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Crl.O.P.No.30233 of 2026
3. In the meanwhile, the prosecution had filed Crl.M.P.No.5708 of
2025 seeking extension of time for completing the investigation and filing the
final report under Section 36A(4) of the NDPS Act, and that the learned Trial
Court had, by order dated 12.09.2025, extended the period for completion of
the investigation. Aggrieved by the said order of extension, the petitioners have
filed the present Criminal Original Petition contending that the prosecution had
failed to disclose any valid or sufficient grounds warranting extension of the
statutory period for completing the investigation and filing the final report,
thereby affecting the petitioners' right to seek default bail.
4. Heard the learned counsel appearing on either side and perused
the materials placed before this Court.
5. On perusal of the records, it is seen that the petitioners are arrayed
as the first and second accused (A1 & A2) in Crime No.185 of 2025 and were
arrested and remanded to judicial custody on 25.03.2025. Therefore, the
respondent was required to complete the investigation and file the final report
within the statutory period of 180 days, as prescribed under Section 36A(4) of
the NDPS Act. However, since the respondent could not complete the
investigation within the stipulated period, a petition in Crl.M.P. No.5708 of
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Crl.O.P.No.30233 of 2026
2026 was filed under Section 36A(4) of the NDPS Act, seeking extension of
time. The ground set out by the prosecution in the above petition was that, the
source of the contraband and several disputed money transfers have to be
enquiried in detail and a detailed analysis interrogation of various persons has
to be made and also the lab report in respect of the seized contraband was yet
to be received. On these grounds, the prosecution sought further time to
complete the investigation and file the final report. The learned Trial Court,
upon consideration of the said petition, allowed the request and extended the
period for completion of the investigation.
6. However, the respondent has failed to satisfy the twin
requirements contemplated under Section 36A(4) of the NDPS Act, namely,
furnishing a report indicating the progress of the investigation and specifying
the particular reasons necessitating the further detention of the accused beyond
the statutory period of 180 days. The prosecution has not adequately
demonstrated the progress made in the investigation or disclosed any specific
and justifiable grounds warranting an extension of the period of detention.
Therefore, this Court finds that the prosecution has failed to place sufficient
and valid reasons before the learned Trial Court to justify the extension of the
statutory period.
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Crl.O.P.No.30233 of 2026
7. At this juncture, it is relevant to extract the provision contained in
Section 36A(4) of the NDPS Act, 1985, which reads as follows:
“Section 36A(4) -- In respect of persons accused of an
offence punishable under section 19 or section 24 or section
27A or for offences involving commercial quantity the
references in sub-section (2) of section 167 of the Code of
Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), thereof to "ninety days",
where they occur, shall be construed as reference to "one
hundred and eighty days":
Provided that, if it is not possible to complete the
investigation within the said period of one hundred and eighty
days, the Special Court may extend the said period up to one
year on the report of the Public Prosecutor indicating the
progress of the investigation and the specific reasons for the
detention of the accused beyond the said period of one hundred
and eighty days.”
Thus, it is clear that the learned Trial Court is empowered to extend the period
for completion of the investigation up to a maximum of one year, subject to the
fulfilment of the statutory requirements under Section 36A(4) of the NDPS
Act. Such an extension can be granted only on the basis of a report submitted
by the Public Prosecutor, indicating the progress of the investigation and
specifying the particular reasons necessitating the further detention of the
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Crl.O.P.No.30233 of 2026
accused beyond the initial period of 180 days. In the absence of a report
satisfying the aforesaid mandatory requirements, any extension of the period of
detention would be contrary to the statutory mandate.
8. The Hon’ble Supreme Court of India, in Sanjay Kumar Kedia v.
Intelligence Officer, Narcotics Control Bureau , reported in (2009) 17 SCC
631 , has emphasised the mandatory nature of the requirements prescribed
under Section 36A(4) of the NDPS Act. Further, an unjustified extension of
detention would also have implications for the accused's right to speedy
investigation and trial guaranteed under Article 21 of the Constitution of India.
9. Therefore, this Court is of the considered view that the learned
Trial Courts and the learned Public Prosecutors dealing with cases under the
NDPS Act must be apprised of the scope and mandatory requirements
governing an application filed under Section 36A(4) of the said Act. Unless the
Public Prosecutor submits a report clearly indicating the progress of the
investigation and setting out specific and compelling reasons necessitating the
further detention of the accused beyond the statutory period of 180 days, the
learned Trial Court ought not to have granted an extension of time for
completion of the investigation and filing of the final report. In the present
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Crl.O.P.No.30233 of 2026
case, the mandatory requirements contemplated under Section 36A(4) of the
NDPS Act have not been duly complied with. Consequently, the impugned
order granting extension of time cannot be sustained in law and is liable to be
set aside.
10. Accordingly, the impugned order dated 12.09.2025 passed by the
learned Principal Special Judge under the EC & NDPS Act, Chennai, in
Crl.M.P.No.5708 of 2025, is hereby set aside. The petitioners shall be released
on bail forthwith, on executing a separate bond for a sum of Rs. 25,000/-
(Rupees Twenty-Five Thousand only), with two blood relative sureties for a
like sum each, to the satisfaction of the learned II Additional Special Judge,
Special Court under EC & NDPS Act, Chennai, and on further conditions that:
[a] the sureties shall affix their photographs and Left Thumb Impression
in the surety bond and the learned Judge may obtain a copy of their Aadhar
card or Bank pass Book to ensure their identity.
[b] the petitioners shall report before the respondent police daily twice at
10.30 a.m. & 5.30 p.m., until further orders.
[c] the petitioners shall not abscond either during investigation or trial.
[d] the petitioners shall not tamper with evidence or witness either
during investigation or trial.
[e] On breach of any of the aforesaid conditions, the learned
Magistrate/Trial Court is entitled to take appropriate action against the
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Crl.O.P.No.30233 of 2026
petitioners in accordance with law as if the conditions have been imposed and
the petitioners released on bail by the learned Magistrate/Trial Court himself as
laid down by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in P.K.Shaji vs. State of Kerala
[(2005)AIR SCW 5560].
[f] If the accused thereafter abscond, a fresh FIR can be registered under
Section 229A IPC.
11. With the above directions, the Criminal Original Petition stands
allowed.
29.10.2026
Index : Yes/No
Neutral citation : Yes/No
Speaking/non-speaking order
rts
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Crl.O.P.No.30233 of 2026
To
1. The Principal Special Judge under EC and NDPS Act,
Chennai.
2. The II Additional Special Judge,
Special Court under EC & NDPS Act,
Chennai
3. The Inspector of Police
T-4, Sankar Nagar Police Station,
Chennai.
4. The Superintendent of Prison,
Central Prison, Puzhal-II,
Chennai.
5. The Public Prosecutor,
Madras High Court, Chennai.
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Crl.O.P.No.30233 of 2026
G.K.ILANTHIRAIYAN. J,
rts
Crl.O.P.No.30233 of 2026
29.10.2026
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