CAT - ['Delhi']

EWS reservation cannot be granted where category certificates are obtained after the recruitment's prescribed cut-off date.

Vikas Shan vs STAFF SELECTION COMMISSION (SSC)

CAT - ['Delhi']JUDGMENT: April 30, 20262 MIN READSOURCE JUDGMENT
THE ORIGINAL LAWLENS SUMMARY
01

Facts

The applicant applied for the post of Constable (GD) under the Economically Weaker Section (EWS) category for the Jammu & Kashmir (Militancy Affected Area).

Source reference: p. 2-3

He secured 78.4 marks, which was higher than the EWS cut-off marks for BSF and CRPF.

Source reference: p. 3

While he cleared the CBE, PST/PET, and medical examination, his category was changed from EWS to "General" in the final scorecard dated 17.02.2026 because he failed to produce a valid EWS certificate by the prescribed cut-off date.

Source reference: p. 3

The advertisement stipulated the last date for online applications as 14.10.2024.

Source reference: p. 8

The applicant relied on certificates issued on 25.02.2025 and 25.11.2025, claiming administrative delays due to a shift to an online portal.

Source reference: p. 3, 8
02

Issues

1. Whether the respondents' decision to re-categorize the applicant from EWS to 'General' due to the timing of his EWS certificate was arbitrary or legally sustainable.

Source reference: p. 4 / para 5

2. Whether a candidate can claim reservation benefits based on EWS certificates issued after the cut-off date mentioned in the recruitment advertisement.

Source reference: p. 8 / para 5.4
03

Law Applied

The court primarily relied on the Supreme Court precedent in Sakshi Arha v. The Rajasthan High Court & Ors. (2025), which established that eligibility criteria must be determined as of the cut-off date outlined in the recruitment rules or advertisement.

Source reference: p. 5, para 27

It followed the principle from Bhupinderpal Singh v. State of Punjab and Rekha Chaturvedi v. University of Rajasthan, holding that assessing qualifications as of the date of selection rather than the application deadline is an "illegal practice".

Source reference: p. 5-6, para 28

The court underscored the maxim ignorantia juris non excusat (ignorance of the law is no excuse), noting that applicants must possess valid proof of eligibility by the specified timeline unless the delay is provably at the behest of the competent authority.

Source reference: p. 6-7, para 32, 38
04

Reasoning

The Tribunal applied the "temporal reference point" doctrine to the facts, noting that the advertisement explicitly fixed 14.10.2024 as the closing date for applications.

Source reference: p. 8, para 5.2

The court observed that the applicant failed to prove he had even applied for the EWS certificate before this cut-off date.

Source reference: p. 8, para 5.3

By producing certificates dated February and November 2025, the applicant was seeking a relaxation of terms that the Tribunal found unsustainable under the law.

Source reference: p. 8, para 5.4

The Tribunal distinguished this case from Ram Kumar Gijroya v. DSSSB, clarifying that since the applicant did not establish that he had sought the certificate in a timely manner or that administrative failure caused the delay prior to the cut-off, he could not claim a substantive right to reservation retrospectively.

Source reference: p. 7, para 38; p. 9, para 6.1
05

Holding

The Tribunal answered the issues in the negative, holding that there was no infirmity in treating the applicant as a General (UR) candidate.

The court held that EWS status must be crystallized by the cut-off date mentioned in the advertisement to ensure a fair and uniform recruitment process.

Source reference: p. 7, para 36

Consequently, the Original Application was dismissed in limine, and all prayers for quashing the scorecard and directing appointment were rejected.

Source reference: p. 9, para 6.1-6.2
CAT - ['Delhi']

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Vikas ShanvsSTAFF SELECTION COMMISSION (SSC)

CAT - ['Delhi'] · April 30, 2026

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