CAT - ['Patna']

Absence of Presenting Officer and Failure to Serve Inquiry Report Vitiates Disciplinary Proceedings as Violative of Natural Justice.

SANJAY KR SINGH vs RAILWAY

CAT - ['Patna']JUDGMENT: May 15, 20262 MIN READSOURCE JUDGMENT
THE ORIGINAL LAWLENS SUMMARY
01

Facts

The applicant, a Gateman in the East Central Railway, was issued a Charge Memorandum under Rule 9 of the Railway Servant (D&A) Rules, 1968, alleging negligence on duty on 09.03.2017

Source reference: p. 2

An Inquiry Officer (IO) was appointed, but no Presenting Officer (PO) was assigned to the case

Source reference: p. 6

On 20.06.2017, the IO submitted a report finding the charges partially proved; on the very next day, 21.06.2017, the Disciplinary Authority (Respondent No. 7) imposed a punishment of stoppage of increment for one year without cumulative effect

Source reference: p. 2-3

Subsequently, Respondent No. 6, acting suo motu, enhanced the penalty to stoppage of next increment for one year with cumulative effect via an order dated 01.08.2017

Source reference: p. 3

The applicant challenged these orders on grounds of procedural irregularity and lack of competence

Source reference: p. 3
02

Issues

1. Whether the failure to appoint a Presenting Officer (PO), resulting in the Inquiry Officer (IO) acting as both judge and prosecutor, vitiates the disciplinary proceedings?

Source reference: p. 6 / para. 6(i)

2. Whether the imposition of punishment without prior service of the Inquiry Report upon the delinquent employee violates the principles of natural justice?

Source reference: p. 3, 8 / para. 2(ii), 6(vii)

3. Whether Respondent No. 6 had the legal competence to suo motu review and enhance the penalty under the Railway Servant (D&A) Rules?

Source reference: p. 3 / para. 2(iii)
03

Law Applied

The Tribunal primarily applied Rule 9 of the Railway Servants (Discipline and Appeal) Rules, 1968, which governs the procedure for imposing major penalties, including Rule 9(9)c regarding the appointment of a Presenting Officer

Source reference: p. 2, 6

It relied on the principle established by the Supreme Court in Union of India v. Ramjan Khan, which mandates the service of the Inquiry Report before the imposition of penalty

Source reference: p. 3

Furthermore, it followed the precedent set by the Patna High Court in Harendra Nath Prasad v. Union of India (CWJC No. 1726/2020), which held that an IO playing a dual role as PO violates natural justice and renders the proceedings biased

Source reference: p. 7-8
04

Reasoning

The Tribunal found that the disciplinary process was fundamentally flawed because the Disciplinary Authority failed to appoint a Presenting Officer, forcing the IO to assume a dual role, which compromised neutrality

Source reference: p. 6, 8

The Tribunal noted that under Rule 9(9)c, while the word "may" is used for appointing a PO, it carries an obligatory character to ensure a fair trial

Source reference: p. 6, 7

Procedural unfairness was further established as the Inquiry Report was served simultaneously with the punishment order, denying the applicant the opportunity to file a representation

Source reference: p. 8

Regarding the enhancement of penalty, the Tribunal noted the applicant’s contention that review/revision powers are strictly regulated under Rules 25 and 25A, and the suo motu action by Respondent No. 6 lacked proper authority and violated the requirement for a prior show-cause notice

Source reference: p. 3
05

Holding

The Tribunal answered the issues in the affirmative, holding that the proceedings were defective from the stage of the charge memo

It quashed the impugned order dated 01.08.2017 (Annexure A/1), the order dated 21.06.2017 (Annexure A/2), and the Inquiry Report dated 20.06.2017. The matter was remanded to the respondent authorities to initiate the departmental inquiry afresh from the defective stage—specifically the appointment of a PO—to be completed within three months

Source reference: p. 9
CAT - ['Patna']

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SANJAY KR SINGHvsRAILWAY

CAT - ['Patna'] · May 15, 2026

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