Patna High Court

Anticipatory Bail Is Maintainable Where Allegations Under SC/ST Act Lack Prima Facie Specificity And Substance

Gulshan Kumar vs The State of Bihar

Patna High CourtJUDGMENT: July 17, 20262 MIN READSOURCE JUDGMENT
THE ORIGINAL LAWLENS SUMMARY
01

Facts

The appellant sought anticipatory bail following the refusal of his prayer by the Exclusive Special Judge, SC/ST Act, Patna, on 20.12.2025

Source reference: p. 1

The prosecution alleged that the appellant and others hurled caste-based abuses and assaulted the informant's relatives with lathis and bricks

Source reference: p. 2, para. 3

The appellant contended that the case was a "counter-blast" to a previously registered case (Masaurhi P.S. Case No. 827 of 2025) involving an assault on the appellant’s side

Source reference: p. 2, para. 4

Despite notice, the informant (Respondent No. 2) did not appear

Source reference: p. 1, para. 1
02

Issues

1. Whether the appellant is entitled to anticipatory bail under Section 14(A)(2) of the SC/ST Act, considering the existence of a counter-case and the nature of the allegations

Source reference: p. 2, para. 2

2. Whether a prima facie case under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act is established to bar the grant of anticipatory bail

Source reference: p. 3, para. 7
03

Law Applied

The court applied Section 14(A)(2) of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, regarding appeals against bail orders

Source reference: p. 1, para. 2

It also applied Sections 3(1)(r)(s) and 3(2)(v) of the SC/ST Act concerning intentional insult and atrocities

Source reference: p. 1, para. 2

Procedurally, the court invoked Section 482(2) of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) [formerly Section 438 CrPC] to set conditions for anticipatory bail

Source reference: p. 3, para. 7
04

Reasoning

The court evaluated the "case and counter-case" scenario, noting that both parties had filed FIRs regarding the same occurrence

Source reference: p. 3, para. 7

The appellant argued that the informant's side, being in the majority, was the aggressor and had used the SC/ST Act as a retaliatory tool

Source reference: p. 2, para. 4

The court observed a "prima facie absence of any cogent materials" specifically linking the appellant to the alleged caste-based offenses required to sustain the bar against anticipatory bail under the SC/ST Act

Source reference: p. 3, para. 7

The court further noted that while the appellant had one prior criminal antecedent, he was currently on bail for that matter

Source reference: p. 2, para. 4
05

Holding

The court allowed the appeal and set aside the impugned order dated 20.12.2025

It directed that in the event of arrest or surrender within eight weeks, the appellant be released on anticipatory bail upon furnishing a bond of Rs. 10,000 with two sureties, subject to conditions including cooperation with the trial and appearance on all court dates

Source reference: p. 3, para. 7
Patna High Court

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Gulshan KumarvsThe State of Bihar

Patna High Court · July 17, 2026

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