Delhi High Court

Contempt proceedings are barred by limitation if not initiated within one year of the alleged act.

Court On Its Own Motion vs Kalawati Devi

Delhi High CourtJUDGMENT: July 23, 20262 MIN READSOURCE JUDGMENT
THE ORIGINAL LAWLENS SUMMARY
01

Facts

The respondent, Kalawati Devi, filed a complaint case (No. 49930/2016) in 2016 containing allegations against a Judge of the Delhi High Court

Source reference: p. 1, para. 1

On 06.06.2019, the Metropolitan Magistrate-03 (East) directed that the matter be brought to the High Court's notice for appropriate action

Source reference: p. 1, para. 1

Due to non-compliance by the trial court's Ahlmad, the reference was only formally made on 17.02.2025

Source reference: p. 2, para. 2

Following internal administrative reviews and a misclassification by the Registry as a Writ Petition, the matter was re-numbered as a criminal contempt case on 13.02.2026

Source reference: p. 2, para. 3

The High Court issued notice on 26.02.2026

Source reference: p. 2, para. 4
02

Issues

Whether the criminal contempt proceedings are barred by the period of limitation prescribed under the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971

Source reference: p. 3, para. 5
03

Law Applied

Section 20 of the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971, which prohibits the initiation of contempt proceedings after the expiry of one year from the date the contempt is alleged to have been committed

Source reference: p. 3, para. 6

Rule 5(2) of the Contempt of Courts (Delhi High Court) Rules, 2025, which mirrors this statutory limitation

Source reference: p. 3-4, para. 8

Supreme Court precedents in Pallav Sheth v. Custodian and Ors. (2001) and Maheshwar Peri & Ors. v. High Court of Judicature at Allahabad (2016), which establish that "initiation" in suo motu cases occurs when the court issues a notice, whereas in reference cases, it is deemed initiated on the date the subordinate court makes the reference

Source reference: p. 4-9, para. 9
04

Reasoning

The Court observed that the allegedly contemptuous remarks were made in a complaint filed in 2016

Source reference: p. 9, para. 10

Even if the trial court’s order dated 06.06.2019 (directing the matter to be brought to the High Court's notice) were considered the date of initiation, the one-year limitation period under Section 20 had already lapsed relative to the 2016 filing

Source reference: p. 9, para. 10

Furthermore, the formal reference reached the High Court only in 2025, and the High Court took cognizance by issuing notice only on 26.02.2026

Source reference: p. 3, para. 5; p. 9, para. 10

Since more than a year had passed since both the original act (2016) and the trial court's initial direction (2019), the Court held it lacked jurisdiction to punish for contempt

Source reference: p. 4, para. 9; p. 9, para. 11
05

Holding

The Court held that the proceedings were barred by limitation under Section 20 of the Act

The contempt proceedings were closed without any findings on the merits of the allegations

Source reference: p. 9, para. 11

The Court clarified that this decision does not affect the adjudication of the underlying criminal case pending before the trial court

Source reference: p. 9, para. 12
Delhi High Court

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Court On Its Own MotionvsKalawati Devi

Delhi High Court · July 23, 2026

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