Odisha High Court

Criminal law cannot be set into motion based on vague, omnibus allegations lacking specific overt acts and corpus.

SRIKANTA KUMAR PAKAL vs STATE OF ODISHA

Odisha High CourtJUDGMENT: May 22, 20262 MIN READSOURCE JUDGMENT
THE ORIGINAL LAWLENS SUMMARY
01

Facts

The Petitioner, a social activist and RTI worker, challenged the legality of F.I.R. No. 756/2025 registered at Choudwar Police Station

Source reference: p. 1-2

The F.I.R. was lodged suo motu by the police following an internal enquiry based on a Station Diary Entry dated 13.11.2025

Source reference: p. 2-3

It was alleged that the Petitioner habitually used "abusive and unparliamentary language" on social media against statutory authorities (specifically the Odisha Information Commission) and obstructed public servants during the construction of a service road on NH-55

Source reference: p. 2, 7-8

The Petitioner moved the High Court under Section 482 CrPC (Section 528 BNSS) seeking to quash the proceedings, citing an unexplained 45-day delay in filing the F.I.R. and a lack of specific evidence regarding the alleged offending posts

Source reference: p. 3, 5-6
02

Issues

1. Whether the F.I.R. and consequential proceedings were based on vague and omnibus allegations that fail to disclose the commission of any cognizable offence

Source reference: p. 10 / para. 10-12

2. Whether the invocation of Sections 66(D) and 67 of the IT Act and relevant sections of the BNS was legally sustainable in the absence of the specific "corpus" of the alleged offending material

Source reference: p. 4 / para. 3(iii)

3. Whether the continuation of the criminal proceedings constituted an abuse of the process of the court

Source reference: p. 9-10 / para. 8
03

Law Applied

The court applied Section 482 of the CrPC regarding the inherent powers of the High Court to prevent the abuse of the process of any court

Source reference: p. 1, 9

established principles of criminal jurisprudence which dictate that criminal law cannot be set into motion based on vague or sweeping allegations that criminalize the lawful exercise of Constitutional rights

Source reference: p. 10

Sections 66(D) (impersonation) and 67 (obscenity) of the Information Technology Act, 2000

Source reference: p. 4

Sections 223, 296, 352, and 353(1)(b) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023

Source reference: p. 1, 8

Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution protects the right to criticize statutory authorities in good faith, provided there is no incitement to violence

Source reference: p. 5
04

Reasoning

The Court observed that the F.I.R. was characterized by "vague, sweeping, and omnibus allegations" without specifying any overt acts, gestures, or the exact text of the alleged social media posts

Source reference: para. 10-12

Regarding the IT Act charges, the Court noted the prosecution failed to provide the "corpus" or specific electronic content, making Sections 66(D) and 67 inapplicable—particularly since the posts were from the Petitioner's own identifiable account (not impersonation) and criticism does not equate to "obscenity"

Source reference: para. 3(iii)-(v)

the Court highlighted the "unexplained delay of approximately 45 days" in registering the F.I.R., which cast doubt on its credibility

Source reference: para. 3(viii)

It reasoned that while rights of social activists are not absolute, the Investigating Agency failed to place any cogent material on record to show the Petitioner's specific role in the alleged obstruction of public work

Source reference: para. 13-14
05

Holding

The Court held that the allegations, even if accepted at face value, did not prima facie disclose the commission of the alleged offences

The Court concluded that the criminal proceedings were legally unsustainable and their continuation would amount to an abuse of the process of the law

Source reference: para. 8, 12

Accordingly, the CRLMC was allowed, and F.I.R. No. 756/2025 along with all consequential proceedings were quashed. All interim orders were vacated

Source reference: p. 11-12
Odisha High Court

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SRIKANTA KUMAR PAKALvsSTATE OF ODISHA

Odisha High Court · May 22, 2026

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