Patna High Court

Digital service of show-cause notice via mobile messaging constitutes valid service and satisfies principles of natural justice.

Ranjan Kumar vs The State of Bihar

Patna High CourtJUDGMENT: July 16, 20262 MIN READSOURCE JUDGMENT
THE ORIGINAL LAWLENS SUMMARY
01

Facts

The petitioner held a fertilizer retail license (No. 34/2019-22) issued by the District Agriculture Officer (DAO), Nawada

Source reference: p.2

On 13.08.2022, authorities inspected the petitioner’s shop and found 106 bags of Urea despite the POS machine showing only 62 bags, alongside failures to maintain the notice board and supply registers

Source reference: p.4

A show-cause notice was issued via mobile phone message on the same day, granting 48 hours to reply

Source reference: p.2, 5

Upon the petitioner's failure to respond within 17 days, the DAO cancelled the license vide Memo No. 1958 dated 02.09.2022

Source reference: p.6

The petitioner challenged this cancellation, alleging a violation of natural justice as the notice was never served and the order was unreasoned

Source reference: p.3
02

Issues

1. Whether the cancellation of the petitioner’s fertilizer license without a physical hearing but following a digital show-cause notice violated the principles of natural justice.

Source reference: p.6-7

2. Whether digital communication (WhatsApp/SMS) constitutes valid service of notice in administrative proceedings.

Source reference: p.7
03

Law Applied

The court applied the principles of natural justice, specifically the doctrine of audi alteram partem (right to be heard)

Source reference: p.7

Digital modes of communication, including WhatsApp and mobile messaging, constitute valid modes of service under administrative and regulatory frameworks when receipt is established

Source reference: p.7

The court distinguished the precedent in CWJC No. 12160 of 2021, noting that judicial interference is warranted only when an order is unreasoned or cryptic, not when a party deliberately non-cooperates

Source reference: p.6-7
04

Reasoning

The Court rejected the petitioner’s reliance on previous Division Bench rulings, noting that while those cases involved "unreasoned" and "cryptic" orders, the current case involved a petitioner who exhibited "deliberate and complete non-cooperation"

Source reference: p.6-7

The Court found that the respondents provided a fair and reasonable opportunity to defend, as the notice was served digitally and the petitioner remained silent for 17 days before the final order was passed

Source reference: p.7

The Court reasoned that since the digital service was valid and the petitioner chose not to respond, he could not subsequently claim a violation of the right to be heard

Source reference: p.7

No jurisdictional error or perversity was found in the DAO’s order

Source reference: p.7-8
05

Holding

The Court dismissed the writ petition, holding that there was no violation of natural justice as valid digital service was effected

The final order dated 02.09.2022 was upheld. However, the Court granted the petitioner liberty to prefer a statutory appeal before the appropriate Appellate Authority within one month, directing the Authority to hear the matter on its merits and pass a reasoned order within three months

Source reference: p.8
Patna High Court

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Ranjan KumarvsThe State of Bihar

Patna High Court · July 16, 2026

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