Chhattisgarh High Court

Discrepancy in seal impressions and failure to report secret information to superiors vitiate NDPS prosecution.

STATE OF CHHATTISGARH vs DUHAN DAS

Chhattisgarh High CourtJUDGMENT: March 23, 20262 MIN READSOURCE JUDGMENT
THE ORIGINAL LAWLENS SUMMARY
01

Facts

On July 11, 2015, the Lakhanpur Police received secret information regarding the illegal transportation of cannabis (Ganja) by a male and female on a motorcycle.

Source reference: para. 2

Following a search at Nawapara Chowk, 5 kg of Ganja was allegedly recovered from Respondent No. 1 (Duhan Das) and 4 kg from Respondent No. 2 (Shobha Sahu).

Source reference: para. 2

The Police prepared seizure and seal panchnamas and submitted a charge-sheet under Section 20(b)(ii)(B) of the NDPS Act.

Source reference: para. 2

On May 8, 2017, the Special Judge (NDPS Act), Ambikapur, acquitted the respondents.

Source reference: para. 1

The State preferred this appeal under Section 378 of the Cr.P.C. challenging the legality of the acquittal.

Source reference: para. 1
02

Issues

1. Whether the prosecution complied with the mandatory procedural requirements regarding the communication of secret information to superior authorities under the NDPS Act.

Source reference: para. 3

2. Whether the discrepancy between the seal used during seizure and the seal recorded in the chemical examination report vitiates the prosecution's case.

Source reference: para. 4
03

Law Applied

Section 378 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, regarding appeals against acquittal.

Source reference: para. 1

Section 20(b)(ii)(B) of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act, 1985, which penalizes the possession of intermediate quantities of cannabis.

Source reference: para. 2

The evidentiary principle that a break in the chain of custody or discrepancies in the identification of seized samples (seals) creates reasonable doubt, necessitating an acquittal.

Source reference: para. 4
04

Reasoning

The Court observed several fatal flaws in the prosecution's case. First, both independent seizure witnesses (PW-4 and PW-5) turned hostile.

Source reference: para. 3

While the Investigating Officer (PW-8) claimed to have forwarded the secret information to the Additional Superintendent of Police via a Constable (PW-9), the Constable testified that he returned without actually delivering the information to the higher authority.

Source reference: para. 3

The Court identified a critical discrepancy regarding the integrity of the evidence: the seals used on the contraband packets at the time of seizure were marked "PS, LPR", whereas the chemical examination report (Ex.P-42) recorded the seals as "PS".

Source reference: para. 4

The Court reasoned that this distinct difference in the seals made it impossible to conclude that the articles recovered from the respondents were the same articles sent for chemical examination.

Source reference: para. 4
05

Holding

The High Court held that the trial court did not commit any illegality in acquitting the respondents given the procedural lapses and the failure to establish a secure chain of custody for the contraband.

The appeal was dismissed as being devoid of merit, and the judgment of acquittal was upheld.

Source reference: para. 5
Chhattisgarh High Court

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STATE OF CHHATTISGARHvsDUHAN DAS

Chhattisgarh High Court · March 23, 2026

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