Delhi High Court

LAC lacks jurisdiction to dismiss Section 18 reference applications on limitation; issue must be decided by Reference Court.

Ravinder Kumar vs Union Of India & Anr.

Delhi High CourtJUDGMENT: May 29, 20262 MIN READSOURCE JUDGMENT
THE ORIGINAL LAWLENS SUMMARY
01

Facts

The Petitioner owned land in village Bijwasan, Delhi, which was acquired via a Section 4 notification dated February 4, 2010

Source reference: p. 1, para. 3

A declaration under Section 6 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894, was issued on January 11, 2011

Source reference: p. 2, para. 4

On March 30, 2012, the Petitioner filed an application under Section 18 for enhancement of compensation

Source reference: p. 2, para. 5

After several reminders from the Petitioner, the Land Acquisition Collector (LAC) passed an order on February 22, 2024, dismissing the reference application solely on the grounds of it being time-barred

Source reference: p. 2, para. 6
02

Issues

1. Whether the Land Acquisition Collector (LAC) has the authority to dismiss a reference application under Section 18 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894, on the ground of limitation

Source reference: p. 2, para. 7

2. Whether the issue of limitation in such cases ought to be decided by the LAC or by the competent Reference Court

Source reference: p. 5, para. 9
03

Law Applied

The court applied Section 18 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894, which provides landholders the right to seek a reference for higher compensation

Source reference: p. 2, para. 5

It relied heavily on the Division Bench precedents of Anand Khanna v. Union of India (W.P.(C) 2686/2018) and Chet Singh Rana v. Union of India (W.P.(C) 7817/2017), which established that the LAC’s role is to forward the reference to the court, and the power to adjudicate on the maintainability or limitation of the application rests with the Reference Court (District Judge), not the LAC

Source reference: p. 2-4, para. 7-8
04

Reasoning

The Court observed that the LAC had exceeded its jurisdiction by unilaterally dismissing the Petitioner’s application as time-barred

Source reference: p. 2, para. 7

Following the settled legal position in Anand Khanna and Sita Ram v. Union of India, the Court reasoned that a reference petition is the only statutory opportunity for a landowner to lead evidence for higher compensation

Source reference: p. 3-4, para. 7

Therefore, the LAC is duty-bound to forward the application to the competent District Judge. While the LAC may record its opinion or a "note" stating that the application appears to be barred by limitation, it cannot adjudicate that issue itself

Source reference: p. 5, para. 9-10

The Reference Court retains the authority to decide the issue of limitation if raised by the respondents

Source reference: p. 4, para. 7
05

Holding

The Court set aside the impugned order dated February 22, 2024

It held that the LAC cannot itself dismiss an application on the ground of delay

Source reference: p. 5, para. 9

The Court directed the LAC to forward the Petitioner’s Section 18 application to the appropriate Reference Court within one month, with a note regarding the LAC's stance on limitation

Source reference: p. 5, para. 10

The Reference Court was directed to decide the matter, including the issue of limitation, in accordance with law

Source reference: p. 4, para. 7; p. 5, para. 10-11
Delhi High Court

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Ravinder KumarvsUnion Of India & Anr.

Delhi High Court · May 29, 2026

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