Delhi High Court

Non-recovery of tickets and delayed DRM reports cannot negate bona fide status in railway claims.

Krishna Devi & Ors vs Union Of India

Delhi High CourtJUDGMENT: April 15, 20262 MIN READSOURCE JUDGMENT
THE ORIGINAL LAWLENS SUMMARY
01

Facts

On 16.02.2016, the deceased, Sh. Purushotam, was traveling from Azadpur to Narela via EMU Train No. 64001 after allegedly purchasing a valid journey ticket

Source reference: p.3, para. 3

During the journey, he fell from the running train, sustained fatal injuries, and was declared "brought dead" at Babu Jagjivan Ram Memorial Hospital

Source reference: p.3, para. 3

The Railway Claims Tribunal dismissed the appellants’ claim on 09.08.2018, holding that the deceased was neither a bona fide passenger nor was the event an "untoward incident" under the Railways Act, 1989

Source reference: p.2, para. 2

The Tribunal relied heavily on a Divisional Railway Manager (DRM) report and a Detailed Accident Report (DAR) that classified the deceased as a "pedestrian" and a "trespasser"

Source reference: p.3-4, para. 5, 10

The appellants challenged this, citing contemporaneous medical and police records

Source reference: p.3, para. 4
02

Issues

1. Whether the deceased was a bona fide passenger at the time of the incident?

Source reference: p.4, para. 7

2. Whether the alleged incident constitutes an "untoward incident" as defined under the Railways Act, 1989?

Source reference: p.4, para. 7
03

Law Applied

The Court applied Section 23 of the Railway Claims Tribunal Act, 1987 regarding the right to appeal

Source reference: p.2, para. 1

definitions of "untoward incident" and "bona fide passenger" under the Railways Act, 1989

Source reference: p.2, para. 2

the Supreme Court precedent in Union of India v. Rina Devi (2019) 3 SCC 572, which established that the mere absence of a ticket is not conclusive evidence of a passenger not being bona fide, and that once an initial burden is discharged by the claimant, the onus shifts to the Railways

Source reference: p.6, para. 13

Bhola v. Union of India (2018) SCC OnLine Del 13486, establishing that a significant delay in filing a DRM report (14 months or more) detracts from its evidentiary value

Source reference: p.5, para. 10
04

Reasoning

The Court found that the Tribunal erred by prioritizing the DRM report over contemporaneous evidence.

Source reference: p.5, para. 10

It noted that the DRM report was prepared two years after the incident, which, per Bhola v. Union of India, significantly diminished its reliability

Source reference: p.5, para. 10

In contrast, immediate records such as the DD entry, MLC, and post-mortem report consistently classified the event as a "railway accident"

Source reference: p.4, para. 8-9

Regarding the status of the deceased as a bona fide passenger, the Court observed that no jamatalashi (body search) was conducted upon recovery of the body; thus, the non-recovery of a ticket could not be treated as determinative

Source reference: p.6, para. 13

Following the principle in Rina Devi, the Court held that the appellants discharged their initial burden by pleading the purchase of a ticket, and the respondent failed to provide evidence to rebut this presumption

Source reference: p.6, para. 13-14

The Court further rejected the "trespasser" classification in the DAR as a post-incident assumption unsupported by any eyewitness or direct evidence

Source reference: p.5, para. 10-11
05

Holding

The Court set aside the Tribunal’s judgment, holding that the deceased was a bona fide passenger and his death resulted from an "untoward incident"

The appeal was allowed, and the matter was remanded to the Tribunal to assess and award compensation to the appellants in accordance with the law

Source reference: p.7, para. 16

The Court directed the parties to appear before the Tribunal on 30.04.2026 and ordered the disbursement of compensation within two months of the order

Source reference: p.7, para. 16-17
Delhi High Court

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Krishna Devi & OrsvsUnion Of India

Delhi High Court · April 15, 2026

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