CAT - Delhi

Pendency of judicial proceedings and currency of disciplinary penalties justify withholding retiral benefits and performance-related pay.

C Mani vs NATIONAL BUILDINGS CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION LTD

CAT - DelhiJUDGMENT: March 27, 20262 MIN READSOURCE JUDGMENT
THE ORIGINAL LAWLENS SUMMARY
01

Facts

The applicant retired from NBCC (I) Ltd. on June 30, 2025, upon attaining superannuation

Source reference: p. 1-2

Following his retirement, he requested the release of his retiral benefits, including Performance Related Pay (PRP), gratuity, and leave encashment

Source reference: p. 2

The respondents, via an impugned letter dated September 2, 2025, withheld these benefits citing Clause 8(20)(ii) and (b) of the NBCC (Discipline and Appeal) Rules, 1993, due to pending disciplinary and judicial proceedings

Source reference: p. 2

The applicant challenged this, asserting that no proceedings were pending as of his retirement date

Source reference: para. 4

However, the respondents revealed that a major penalty of pay reduction had been imposed on the applicant on April 29, 2024, following concluded disciplinary proceedings

Source reference: para. 6

Furthermore, the CBI had registered an FIR against the applicant on August 29, 2024, involving allegations of significant financial loss to the organization, and had subsequently sought sanction for prosecution

Source reference: para. 6
02

Issues

1. Whether the applicant has a vested right to the release of his retiral benefits (PRP, leave encashment, and gratuity) despite a prior major penalty and an ongoing CBI investigation.

Source reference: para. 3

2. Whether the judicial proceedings can be considered "pending" for the purpose of withholding benefits when the matter is at the stage of investigation and sanction for prosecution.

Source reference: para. 10
03

Law Applied

Clause 8(20)(ii) and (b) of the NBCC (Discipline and Appeal) Rules, 1993, which empowers the organization to withhold retiral benefits during the pendency of disciplinary or judicial proceedings to safeguard its financial interests

Source reference: para. 1, 10

The court referenced the principle established in Union of India v. K.V. Jankiraman (1991), which defines the "pendency" of proceedings regarding the sealed cover procedure

Source reference: para. 4

It also considered the interpretation of "instituted" criminal proceedings as discussed in Swaraj Basu v. Indira Gandhi National Open University (2025)

Source reference: para. 5
04

Reasoning

The Tribunal found that the applicant had engaged in material suppression of facts by failing to disclose that a major penalty was imposed on him on April 29, 2024, which remained in currency at the time of his retirement

Source reference: para. 7, 9

The court rejected the applicant's narrow interpretation that judicial proceedings only exist once a court takes cognizance; it held that the existence of a CBI FIR and the pending request for sanction for prosecution were sufficient grounds under NBCC rules to withhold benefits

Source reference: para. 10

Regarding PRP for the year 2024-25, the court noted that the claim was untenable because it fell within the duration of the major penalty imposed for previous misconduct

Source reference: para. 11

The Tribunal reasoned that the rules are intended to balance the organization's financial safety against the employee's rights, and since the applicant could still receive these benefits if eventually exonerated, there was no justification for judicial intervention at this stage

Source reference: para. 10
05

Holding

The Tribunal held that the applicant was not entitled to the immediate release of retiral benefits due to the suppression of material facts regarding his disciplinary history and the ongoing criminal investigation involving substantial financial loss to the employer

The court found no merit in the applicant's arguments and dismissed the Original Application (OA)

Source reference: para. 11

No order was made as to costs

Source reference: para. 12
CAT - Delhi

Original Court PDF

C ManivsNATIONAL BUILDINGS CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION LTD

CAT - Delhi · March 27, 2026

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