CAT - Chennai

Recovery of excess payments from retired Group C employees is impermissible absent fraud or misrepresentation.

L Sudha vs DEPTT OF POSTAL

CAT - ChennaiJUDGMENT: March 02, 20262 MIN READSOURCE JUDGMENT
THE ORIGINAL LAWLENS SUMMARY
01

Facts

The applicant retired as a Sub Postmaster (Group ‘C’) from the Tiruchirapalli Head Post Office on May 31, 2017

Source reference: p.2, 8

Following her retirement, she was granted a Fixed Medical Allowance (FMA) of ₹1,000 per month as she resided 5.5 km from the nearest CGHS Wellness Centre, exceeding the 5 km threshold established by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare OM dated April 6, 2018

Source reference: p.2

In June 2025, the respondents abruptly stopped the FMA and ordered the recovery of ₹68,032 (at a rate of ₹3,000 per month) from her pension based on an internal audit objection (IAIR 2024), which claimed her residential pincode fell within a CGHS-covered area

Source reference: p.3

The applicant challenged the recovery, noting that no show-cause notice was issued and no fraud or misrepresentation was committed on her part

Source reference: p.3-4
02

Issues

1. Whether the recovery of alleged excess payments of Fixed Medical Allowance (FMA) from a retired employee is legally sustainable when there is no evidence of fraud or misrepresentation

Source reference: p.4-5, para 7

2. Whether the respondents violated the principles of natural justice by effecting recovery from the applicant’s pension without prior notice or an opportunity for a hearing

Source reference: p.5, para 7
03

Law Applied

State of Punjab v. Rafiq Masih (White Washer) (2015), which prohibits recovery from retired employees or Group ‘C’ and ‘D’ employees when excess payments were made without the employee’s fault

Source reference: p.6, para 13

ratio from Jogeswar Sahoo Others v. The District Judge, Cuttack (2025) and Thomas Daniel v. State of Kerala Ors (2022), which affirm that excess payments made due to an employer’s wrong interpretation of rules are not recoverable on grounds of equity and hardship

Source reference: p.5, para 8-9

procedural requirements under the CCS (Pension) Rules, 1972, regarding the President's authority for pension recoveries

Source reference: p.3-4
04

Reasoning

The Tribunal observed that the applicant was a Group ‘C’ employee who had been retired for eight years (since 2017) before the recovery was initiated in 2025

Source reference: p.8, para 9

The record indicated that the FMA payments were not a result of any fraud or misrepresentation by the applicant but were based on the department's own application of the 2018 OM

Source reference: p.7, para 9

The Tribunal found that the respondents failed to issue a show-cause notice, thereby violating the principles of natural justice

Source reference: p.8, para 9

Applying the Rafiq Masih criteria, the Tribunal reasoned that recovery from a retired Group ‘C’ employee for payments spanning several years is "iniquitous, harsh, and arbitrary," as the hardship caused to the pensioner outweighs the employer's right to recover mistakenly paid funds

Source reference: p.6-7, para 13
05

Holding

The Tribunal allowed the Original Application, holding that while the applicant’s future entitlement to FMA was not the primary focus, the recovery of past payments was illegal

The impugned recovery orders dated 18.06.2025 and 10.07.2025 were set aside

Source reference: p.8, para 10

The Tribunal directed the respondents to refund any amount already recovered from the applicant’s pension without interest within a period of two months

Source reference: p.8, para 10

No order was made as to costs

Source reference: p.8, para 11
CAT - Chennai

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L SudhavsDEPTT OF POSTAL

CAT - Chennai · March 02, 2026

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