Gujarat High Court

Registered Sale Deed Prevails Over Unregistered Agreement to Sell for Temporary Injunction in Open Land Disputes

KIRIT HIMMATLAL MORVADIYA vs MAYANKBHAI JITENDRABHAI JARIWALA

Gujarat High CourtJUDGMENT: April 27, 20262 MIN READSOURCE JUDGMENT
THE ORIGINAL LAWLENS SUMMARY
01

Facts

The Appellant (Kirit) purchased the suit property (Plot No. 27, Surat) via a registered sale deed dated 07.11.2024 from Respondents No. 2 and 3 for a consideration of Rs. 2,10,16,000 paid via cheques

Source reference: p. 3, 6

Respondent No. 1 (Mayankbhai) contested this, claiming prior possession and rights based on a registered agreement to sell dated 04.05.2007, alleging a cash payment of Rs. 39,00,000

Source reference: p. 4, 13

Following disputes and a police complaint regarding alleged trespassing and demolition of a compound wall, both parties filed suits

Source reference: p. 2-3

The Trial Court, in a common order dated 17.11.2025, directed both parties to maintain status quo regarding title and possession

Source reference: p. 5

The Appellant challenged this order, asserting his rights as a registered owner

Source reference: p. 6
02

Issues

1. Whether an order of status quo regarding possession and title can be granted against a rightful owner holding a registered sale deed in favor of a party claiming rights under an agreement to sell without proof of actual possession.

Source reference: p. 23

2. Whether the Trial Court properly exercised its discretion in granting temporary injunction/status quo under Order 39 of the CPC.

Source reference: p. 16, 27
03

Law Applied

The court applied Section 54 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882, noting that an agreement to sell does not create title, which only passes via a registered deed of conveyance

Source reference: p. 10

It relied on Suraj Lamp and Industries Pvt. Ltd. v. State of Haryana, affirming that an agreement of sale is not a conveyance

Source reference: p. 10

Regarding proof of consideration, it referenced Ramabhai Becharbhai Baraiya v. Legal Heirs Vishnuprasad, requiring documentary evidence for large cash transactions

Source reference: p. 11

On appellate interference, it cited Ramakant Ambalal Choksi v. Harish Ambalal Choksi, which permits setting aside discretionary orders if they are perverse, arbitrary, or palpably incorrect

Source reference: p. 17-18

the doctrine that "possession follows title" for vacant land was applied

Source reference: p. 25
04

Reasoning

The Court found the Trial Court's order perverse because it failed to distinguish between a registered title holder and a claimant under an agreement to sell

Source reference: p. 27

The Appellant proved payment of consideration via cheques, whereas Respondent No. 1 failed to provide bank statements or tax returns to substantiate a Rs. 39 lakh cash transaction from 2007

Source reference: p. 26

The Court observed that for open land, a legal presumption exists that possession remains with the title holder

Source reference: p. 25

Correspondence with the electricity company and ledger entries provided by Respondent No. 1 were deemed insufficient to establish "settled possession" at the interim stage

Source reference: p. 24-25

Restraining a rightful owner from developing their property based on unsubstantiated claims causes irreparable loss, shifting the balance of convenience in favor of the Appellant

Source reference: p. 12, 27
05

Holding

The Court held that an injunction cannot be granted against a registered owner at the behest of a party who fails to prima facie establish title or possession

The High Court allowed the Appeal from Order and quashed the Trial Court’s direction of status quo dated 17.11.2025

Source reference: p. 28

The Trial Court's order was deemed erroneous and against settled legal principles regarding the rights of a bona fide purchaser

Source reference: p. 27

The request for a stay on this judgment was rejected

Source reference: p. 29
Gujarat High Court

Original Court PDF

KIRIT HIMMATLAL MORVADIYAvsMAYANKBHAI JITENDRABHAI JARIWALA

Gujarat High Court · April 27, 2026

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