Gauhati High Court

Court Acquits in Wife Burning Case Where Conflicting Oral Statements Created Benefit of Doubt

Sudam Das vs The State Of Assam

Gauhati High CourtJUDGMENT: May 21, 20262 MIN READSOURCE JUDGMENT
THE ORIGINAL LAWLENS SUMMARY
01

Facts

The appellant was convicted under Section 302 of the IPC by the Trial Court for allegedly pouring kerosene on his wife and setting her on fire on 31.08.2017

Source reference: p. 2

The victim was treated at AMCH Dibrugarh and died on 07.09.2017 after being discharged

Source reference: p. 4, 8

The Prosecution relied on the testimony of PW-2 (the deceased's sister), who claimed to be an eyewitness

Source reference: p. 5

the appellant challenged the conviction noting that PW-2 gave contradictory evidence, the FIR was delayed by 8 days, and an independent witness (PW-6) testified that the deceased told him the appellant was innocent

Source reference: p. 2, 4
02

Issues

1. Whether the contradictory testimony of a relative witness (PW-2) and the uncontroverted evidence of an independent witness (PW-6) create reasonable doubt regarding the appellant’s guilt

Source reference: p. 10/12

2. Whether the oral statements made by the deceased to her family members and a witness qualify as reliable dying declarations

Source reference: p. 10/11

3. Whether the unexplained 8-day delay in filing the FIR is fatal to the prosecution's case

Source reference: p. 16
03

Law Applied

Section 302 of the IPC regarding murder

Source reference: p. 2

Section 106 of the Evidence Act regarding the burden of proof for facts within a person's knowledge

Source reference: p. 3

Rai Sandeep v. State (NCT of Delhi) for the "sterling quality" requirement of a witness

Source reference: p. 9

Kali Ram v. State of Himachal Pradesh for the principle that if two views are possible, the one favorable to the accused must be adopted

Source reference: p. 12

Laxman v. State of Maharashtra regarding the strict requirements for an oral dying declaration made in extremity

Source reference: p. 14
04

Reasoning

The Court found that PW-2 was not a "witness of sterling quality," as she initially incriminated the appellant but later denied his involvement during cross-examination, only to revert in re-examination 4.5 years later

Source reference: p. 5, 9

The Court scrutinized the evidence of PW-6, an independent witness who stated the deceased declared the appellant innocent; since PW-6 was not declared hostile or cross-examined on his Section 161 statement, his testimony remained uncontroverted

Source reference: p. 10

Regarding the "dying declarations" claimed by PW-1 and PW-4, the Court noted the victim was not in extremis during her 8-day hospital stay and no formal declaration was recorded by a Magistrate or Doctor

Source reference: p. 13-15

the FIR failed to mention the specific physical assaults alleged in the witness testimonies

Source reference: p. 11

The Court determined that the unexplained 8-day delay in filing the FIR, despite the family allegedly knowing the cause of injury, suggested potential embellishment

Source reference: p. 16
05

Holding

The Court held that the prosecution failed to prove the guilt of the appellant beyond a reasonable doubt

It ruled that when two views are possible—one pointing to guilt and one to innocence via the testimony of PW-6—the benefit of doubt must go to the accused

Source reference: p. 12, 16

The Court set aside the Judgment dated 04.12.2024, acquitted the appellant of charges under Section 302 IPC, and ordered his immediate release from judicial custody

Source reference: p. 17
Gauhati High Court

Original Court PDF

Sudam DasvsThe State Of Assam

Gauhati High Court · May 21, 2026

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