Jammu and Kashmir High Court

State cannot rely on ad-hoc nomenclature to deny regularization after extracting three decades of continuous service.

UT OF JK THROUGH ITS COMMISSIONER CUM SECRETARY FOREST DEPARTMENT AND OTHERS vs GHULAM MOHI UD DIN MALIK

Jammu and Kashmir High CourtJUDGMENT: May 30, 20262 MIN READSOURCE JUDGMENT
THE ORIGINAL LAWLENS SUMMARY
01

Facts

The Respondent was engaged as a Mali on a temporary/ad-hoc basis in the Forest Department on 07.12.1994 and joined on 29.12.1994

Source reference: p. 4, para 9

He consistently sought regularization of his services over a 30-year tenure

Source reference: p. 5, para 11

The Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT), Jammu, vide order dated 31.12.2024, directed the Petitioners to regularize the Respondent’s services effective from 01.01.2002 (upon completion of seven years of service) emphasizing his continuous work against a clear vacancy

Source reference: p. 2, para 2; p. 3, para 5

The UT Administration challenged this order, contending that the Respondent had not completed the requisite seven years by 2002 due to a court-intervened re-joining in 1997, and that the relevant regularization rule (SRO 64 of 1994) stood repealed by S.O. 514 of 2023

Source reference: p. 2, paras 3-4
02

Issues

1. Whether the continuous service of 30 years entitles an ad-hoc employee to regularization despite the employer's claim of "temporary" status

Source reference: p. 6, para 12; p. 9, para 17

2. Whether the repeal of SRO 64 of 1994 can retrospectively extinguish a right to regularization that crystallized prior to said repeal

Source reference: p. 9, para 18
03

Law Applied

The Court applied the principles governing regularization of irregular appointments as distinguished from illegal ones under State of Karnataka v. Uma Devi (2006)

Source reference: p. 3, para 4

It relied heavily on recent Supreme Court precedents including Shripal v. Nagar Nigam, Ghaziabad (2025), which held that Uma Devi cannot be used as a "shield" to justify exploitative long-term daily-wage engagements

Source reference: p. 6, para 12

Jaggo v. Union of India (2025), which deprecated labeling perennial work as "contractual" to deny benefits

Source reference: p. 7, para 14

The Court applied Dharam Singh v. State of U.P. (2025) and Bhola Nath v. State of Jharkhand (2026) to emphasize the State’s duty as a "model employer"

Source reference: p. 8, paras 15-16

Regarding statutory rights, the Court applied the principle that a right accrued under a statute cannot be taken away retrospectively by its repeal

Source reference: p. 9, para 18
04

Reasoning

The Court observed that the Respondent had been performing duties (fencing, sowing, planting) since 1991-92 and held a sanctioned post since 1994

Source reference: p. 4-5, paras 9-10

It rejected the Petitioner's "ad-hoc" argument, noting that 30 years of uninterrupted service confirms the "permanency" and "perennial nature" of the work

Source reference: p. 9, para 17, 19

The Bench criticized the State for resorting to a "policy of hire and fire," characterizing the long-term temporary status as an "exploitative engagement"

Source reference: p. 6, para 12

Regarding the repeal of SRO 64, the Court held that since the Respondent’s right to regularization had "crystallized" well before 2023, it could not be defeated retrospectively, as doing so would violate Articles 14 and 16 of the Constitution

Source reference: p. 9, para 18

The Court found the Petitioners' stance to be based on "hyper-technical grounds" despite their own departmental recommendations for the Respondent's regularization

Source reference: p. 5-6, paras 10-11
05

Holding

The Court dismissed the writ petition, upholding the Tribunal's order

It held that the Respondent is entitled to regularization effective from 01.01.2002 with all consequential benefits, including promotions

Source reference: p. 2, para 2

The Court affirmed that the State, as a model employer, cannot rely on contractual labels to justify prolonged ad-hocism when the work is permanent in nature

Source reference: p. 8-9, paras 16-17

Final relief was granted by dismissing the challenge to the CAT's pragmatic view

Source reference: p. 10, para 20
Jammu and Kashmir High Court

Original Court PDF

UT OF JK THROUGH ITS COMMISSIONER CUM SECRETARY FOREST DEPARTMENT AND OTHERSvsGHULAM MOHI UD DIN MALIK

Jammu and Kashmir High Court · May 30, 2026

Click to open original judgment

Original judgment, available to read, download and summarize on LawLens.in

Click to open original judgment